The Histologic Evaluation of Pulsed Carbon Dioxide Laser Resurfacing versus Phenol Chemical Peels in Vivo

Moy, Lawrence S.; Kotler, Robert; Lesser, Timothy

doi:10.1046/j.1524-4725.1999.98246.x

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Protein coagulation is observed in the epidermis immediately after application of 88% phenol solution 55 . It can penetrate deep in to the tissue, down to upper reticular dermis 56 . All phenol compounds have toxicity towards melanocytes.…”

Section: % Phenol Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depigmentation therapies for normal skin in vitiligo universalis

AlGhamdi

Kumar

2010

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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If vitiligo involves most of the body, it might be easier to depigment the normal remaining skin rather than to attempt repigmentation. We reviewed the literature to date regarding available therapies for depigmenting the normal skin in vitiligo universalis. Our review revealed that the threshold regarding what percentage of body surface area qualifies as depigmentation is variable among practitioners. Monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone (MBEH) is the most widely used depigmenting agent and has few side-effects. Tretinoin in combination with MBEH is able to speed depigmentation of the skin. Monomethylether of hydroquinone has also been used successfully for depigmentation. Eighty-eight per cent phenol is also effective in depigmenting the skin but its application on large areas is toxic for liver and kidney. Different types of lasers are also available to destruct the melanocytes selectively, but this technique can be painful and expensive. Cryotherapy is a cheap depigmenting therapy but, because of scarring risk, it should only be used by experienced dermatologists. No trials have compared the efficacy of the above-mentioned well-established depigmentation agents/techniques. Certain drugs such as imatinib, imiquimod and diphencyprone, which are used to treat other diseases, caused depigmentation as a side-effect. Some depigmentation agents used for branding cattle can also serve as topical depigmentation agents. In conclusion, comparative clinical trials are needed to compare the efficacy of various depigmentation agents/techniques. In particular, topical imatinib, imiquimod and diphencyprone may be considered as potential depigmenting agents, which require further investigation. This review revealed that MBEH is safe and effective depigmenting agent.

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Section: % Phenol Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depigmentation therapies for normal skin in vitiligo universalis

AlGhamdi

Kumar

2010

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…Knochenabbaus eine systemische Dauersubstitution erforderlich [33].Es gibt Hinweise, dass chemische Peelings (Glycolsäure, Fruchtsäure, Trichloressigsäure, Phenol) die Kollagensynthese und die Hyaluronsäurekonzentration in der Dermis erhöhen [6,40]. Dermabrasion und Laserabrasion sind mechanische Verfahren, die das Hautrelief eher vorüberge-hend verbessern.…”

Section: Der Hautarzt 9 · 2003 826unclassified

Intrinsische Hautalterung

Zouboulis

2003

Der Hautarzt

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Intrinsic skin aging is determined primarily by genetic factors and hormonal status. It reflects the same degenerative process seen in other organs. Skin function is one of the parameters most influenced by aging. The hormonal influences include reduced pituitary, adrenal and gonadal secretion. The hormonal changes of aging lead to the development of a specific body and skin phenotype. Individuals in developed lands spend up to a third of their life (women-post-menopausal) or perhaps 20 years (men-partial androgen deficiency of the aging man, PADAM) with oestrogen or androgen deficiency. Other hormones whose levels decrease with aging include melatonin, growth hormone (GH), dehydroepiandrosterone und insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). Since the skin not only fulfils a protective function for the organism but is also an active peripheral endocrine organ, which even releases effective hormones in the circulation, local hormone substitution could become interesting in the future.

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“…It is reported that, compared to laser resurfacing, phenol peeling forms thicker new collagen after treatment although initial skin destruction is less. This suggests it is more effective in lifting wrinkles 5 . Wu et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effectiveness of modified phenol peel (Exoderm) on facial wrinkles, acne scars and other skin problems of Asian patients

Park

Choi

Kim³

et al. 2006

The Journal of Dermatology

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Deep depth peeling using phenol is one of the most effective chemical peeling methods. However, it has been rarely used on Asian people because of side-effects, especially hypopigmentation. In order to reduce side-effects, a number of modified phenol peeling formulas were developed. Exoderm, a modified phenol peel, has shown reduced side-effects such as arrhythmia, long-lasting erythema, hypopigmentation, hypertrophic scar and keloid. In the present study, our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of Exoderm on wrinkles, acne scars, and melasma and its safety for Asian patients. Forty-six patients were treated with Exoderm. Twenty-eight patients (61%) were treated for wrinkles and 11 patients (24%) for acne scars. Clinical improvement and side-effects were evaluated and the degree of improvement was graded into four stages. The overall average improvement scores were 3.39 and 3.30 out of 4.00 as evaluated by the doctor and patient, respectively. Forty-one patients (89%) showed 51% or more improvement. All patients with wrinkles improved 51% or more and their average improvement score was 3.64 out of 4.00. Seven of 11 patients (64%) with acne scars improved 51% or more and their average improvement score was 2.73 out of 4.00. The most frequent side-effect was postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (74%). Prolonged erythema, keloid and milia were observed temporarily, however, hypopigmentation persisted for 6 months in the follow-up period. All side-effects were tolerable and reversible except for one complication of hypopigmentation. We conclude that Exoderm is very effective for treating the facial wrinkles and acne scars of Asian patients.

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The Histologic Evaluation of Pulsed Carbon Dioxide Laser Resurfacing versus Phenol Chemical Peels in Vivo

Abstract: With the parameters used in this study, phenol peels resulted in the formation of a thicker zone of collagen despite the deeper ablation depth of the laser.

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

Depigmentation therapies for normal skin in vitiligo universalis

Depigmentation therapies for normal skin in vitiligo universalis

Intrinsische Hautalterung

Effectiveness of modified phenol peel (Exoderm) on facial wrinkles, acne scars and other skin problems of Asian patients

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