The histology and histomorphometry of umbilical cord cross section in preeclampsia and normal pregnancies: a comparative study

Thomas, Merlin R; Bhatia, Jasvinder Kaur; Kumar, Sushil; Boruah, Dibyajyoti

doi:10.1080/01478885.2020.1734741

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Methods to measure Wharton's jelly area such as neural network and digital morphometry have been reported in the literature. [26,29] Since light microscope was used in our study, only vascular diameters could be measured and area calculation could not be performed.…”

Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discordant umbilical arteries in the umbilical cord entanglement: a light microscope study

Şenyuva¹,

Küçük²

2021

Perinatal J

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Objective The present study aimed to examine the histopathological diagnosis of the umbilical artery discordance in cases with single or multiple umbilical cord entanglement and pregnancy outcomes. Methods The vascular structure of the umbilical cord, histopathological findings of the placenta and obstetric outcomes were retrospectively examined in 50 cases. The cases were divided into two groups by the number of cord entanglement (single-multiple) and their histopathological findings and neonatal Apgar scores were assessed. Results Out of 50 cases, 38 (76%) had single and 12 (24%) had multiple cord entanglement. In 50 cases, the mean gestational age was 39.16±1.06 weeks, neonatal Apgar scores were 8.7±0.58 at 1 minute and 9.64±0.56 at 5 minute. No statistically significant difference was detected between single and multiple groups in terms of gestational age (p=0.79), 1-minute Apgar score (p=0.832) and 5-minute Apgar score (p=0.656). In histopathological examination, the diameters of umbilical arteries 1 and 2 were found to be 0.11±0.12, 0.09±0.05 µm, respectively in the single group (p=0.756) and 0.13±0.14, 0.06±0.02 µm, respectively in the multiple group (p=0.131). When the umbilical arterial diameters were compared by group, the diameter of the umbilical artery 2 was detected 0.09±0.05 µm in the single and 0.06±0.02 µm in the multiple group and statistically significant difference was detected (p=0.037). Out of 50 cases, placental hypoxia finding was detected as chorangiosis only in 10 cases (2 multiple, 8 single). Conclusion Umbilical artery discordance was detected in cases with multiple umbilical cord entanglement. However, poor pregnancy outcome was not observed in any of the cases. When multiple cord entanglement is seen during obstetric examination, umbilical artery discordance must be remembered and investigated, and also maternal-fetal condition should be considered.

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Section: Study Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discordant umbilical arteries in the umbilical cord entanglement: a light microscope study

Şenyuva¹,

Küçük²

2021

Perinatal J

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“…As the cord matures, different mesenchymal compartments merge and gradually change into Wharton’s jelly. 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathologic Impacts of Diabetes Mellitus on Umbilical Cord During Pregnancy

B¹

2022

PHMT

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As a feto-maternal connection route, the umbilical cord is an important determinant of fetal well-being. The umbilical vessels, unlike major vessels, are not fed by the vasa vasorum, making them more vulnerable to hemodynamic changes induced by maternal diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, it may be discarded for exacerbating any perinatal illness. The umbilical cord is the major supporter of a successful neonatal prognosis, since it is the sole organ that initiates life. It plays the most important role in feto-placental relation, as well as what will happen to the infant on extra-uterine life. As a result, the histopathologic alterations in the umbilical cord associated with gestational diabetes mellitus were examined in this review study.

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“…Many scientists have explored the topic of morphological assessment of the umbilical cord [7,8,17,28]. Within the available sources, we found publications focused on sono-histomorphological examinations of the umbilical cord in cases involving gestational complications, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth retardation syndrome, and others [29,30].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mean Wharton's jelly CSA in the case of preeclampsia was also significantly higher, while the umbilical vein lumen CSA, umbilical vein wall CSA, and umbilical artery wall CSA parameters did not show a significant difference. Edema and thickening of the basement membranes were considered significant [30].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy and umbilical cord pathology: structural and functional parameters of the umbilical cord

Makarchuk,

Dubetskyi,

Zhurakivska

et al. 2023

JMedLife

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Scientific research in the field of physiology and pathology of the umbilical cord is quite limited and imperfect. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the histological architecture of the pathological umbilical cord and investigate the relationship between the main parameters and placental postnatal macromorphometric characteristics, which serve as a reflection of placental dysfunction. Four groups of patients were included, each undergoing a postnatal histological and topographic examination of the umbilical cord: Wharton's jelly edema (10 samples), velamentous cord insertion (10 samples), single umbilical artery (10 samples), and physiological pregnancy (10 samples). Compared to the control group, all newborn groups exhibited changes in umbilical vessel morphology, characterized by an increased Wagenworth index and a decreased Kernohan index. The functional indices of the umbilical vessels were found to be most severely affected in cases of Wharton's jelly edema. In cases of single umbilical artery, the changes in vascular functional parameters indicated their compensatory remodeling with the highest Wagenworth and Kernohan indices of the umbilical vein. Deviation from the normal average placental weight was observed in cases of Wharton's jelly volume pathology or velamentous cord insertion. However, in the case of a single umbilical artery, there were no significant deviations in the macromorphometry of the placenta.

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The histology and histomorphometry of umbilical cord cross section in preeclampsia and normal pregnancies: a comparative study

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Discordant umbilical arteries in the umbilical cord entanglement: a light microscope study

Discordant umbilical arteries in the umbilical cord entanglement: a light microscope study

Histopathologic Impacts of Diabetes Mellitus on Umbilical Cord During Pregnancy

Pregnancy and umbilical cord pathology: structural and functional parameters of the umbilical cord

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