The Histomorphological Spectrum of Renal Lesions in an Autopsy Study

Abstract

Background: Autopsy provides normal as well as diseased human tissue for morphologic studies, for establishment of cell and organ culture as well for xenotransplantation. It provides the opportunity to discover new diseases, to evaluate toxic effects of drugs and therapies. The kidneys are often affected by chronic inflammatory lesions, neoplasms , toxic effects of various drugs and metabolic disorders. Material and Methods:This was a five year study from January 2011 to December 2015 in our department of pathology. The kidneys of medico legal autopsies performed during these years were subjected to our study. After excluding 30 cases of severely damaged tissue, 120 cases of well preserved renal medico legal autopsies were included in our study. The stained microscopic sections were examined by two histopathologists independently.Results: Seventy five of the 120 autopsies were males, while 45 were females. In 27 (22.5%) cases, the microscopic morphology was close to normal histology. Remaining 93(77.5%) cases had a nephropathological findings The percentage of non glomerular nephropathies (60.8%) was higher as compared to that of glomerular lesions (16%). 20 (16% ) cases exhibited glomerular alterations such focal global glomerular sclerosis, segmental glomerular sclerosis, nodular mesangial sclerosis, basement thickening and mesangial cellular proliferation. Tubular and interestium lesions were observed in 34.16% which included acute tubular necrosis, chronic pyelonephritis and tubercular pyelonephritis. Renal arteriosclerosis was observed in 25% cases. Renal cell carcinoma was incidentally detected in1.6% Conclusion: Our study provided satisfactory data in respect to morphological spectrum of various renal lesions in autopsy.

Pathological findings in kidney in medicolegal autopsies: A study

“…Mulay et al 5 observed presence of glomerular lesions in 14.17% cases and non-glomerulopathies in 85.81% cases. Also in studies by Sandhu et al 6 and Usta et al, 7 nonglomerular lesions were more commonly observed than glomerular lesions. The histopathological findings in the present study revealed presence of glomerular lesions in 30 (17.7%) cases.…”

“…In a study by Sandhu et al, 6 pyelonephritis was seen in 6.6% of the cases. In the present study too, pyelonephritis was observed in 13 (7.6%) cases.…”

“…Mulay et al 5 and Sandhu et al 6 and observed normal histology in 22% of the cases and Kaur et al in 25% cases. In the present study, renal lesions were seen in 131 of the total 170 cases and in 39 (22.9%) cases the microscopic findings were close to normal histology.…”

“…Also cases of asphyxia were abundant in the study population. Sandhu et al 6 observed acute tubular necrosis in 12% cases and Puri et al 11 in 22.5% of cases but, these studies excluded cases where the cause of death was established during autopsy and histopathological specimen were not sent.…”

Histomorphological Spectrum of Liver and Kidney Lesions in Autopsy Cases

“…Autopsy cases have revealed a wide range of renal pathology, including diabetic nephropathy, chronic pyelonephritis, acute tubular necrosis, chronic glomerulonephritis, tuberculous inflammation, and many others [16]. The rise in the prevalence of kidney diseases is due to the accumulation of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity [17]. The present study was carried out to evaluate various gross and histopathological findings All the specimens were fixed in 10% formalin, weight and dimensions were recorded.…”