The Histopathology and the Mechanism of Entropion in Patients with Trachoma

Al‐Rajhi, Ali A.; Hidayat, Ahmed A.; Nasr, Amin M.; Al-Faran, Mubarak

doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(93)31485-5

Cited by 52 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In advanced trachomatous scarring, a thick band of fibrotic tissue composed mostly of type V collagen replaces the normal stromal tissue (2,4). In biopsies from children with active trachoma, there is an increase in type I and type III collagen between epithelial cells and in the stroma (1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cytokine and Fibrogenic Gene Expression in the Conjunctivas of Subjects from a Gambian Community Where Trachoma Is Endemic

et al. 2004

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The role of immunity in blinding trachoma is unclear. Conjunctival gene expression was measured in a population where trachoma is endemic. Proinflammatory (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1␤ [IL-1␤]), anti-inflammatory (IL-10), and fibrogenic (matrix metalloprotease 9) gene expression was increased in active trachoma. Markers indicative of T-cell response (gamma interferon, IL-4, IL-12p40, and perforin) were increased when chlamydial infection was present.

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confidence: 99%

Cytokine and Fibrogenic Gene Expression in the Conjunctivas of Subjects from a Gambian Community Where Trachoma Is Endemic

et al. 2004

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“…Although early (within 2 weeks) recurrence of procedures is considered as failure of technique, which is usually due to technical problems; later presence of entropion is considered as recurrence of UCE, which is attributed to healing and tissue realignment to its previous position 2,14 and underlying disease activity and progression of the cicatricial changes in the conjunctiva and tarsus. 2,15,16 The time to failure in this series was between 2-8 months (mean 4.5), which could be attributed to either sliding of anterior lamella during healing process or progression of the background disease. Missing distichiatic and or trichiatic eyelashes during the procedure is considered as attributing factors in such a failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Anterior lamellar recession, blepharoplasty, and supratarsal fixation for cicatricial upper eyelid entropion without lagophthalmos

Aghai

Gordiz

Falavarjani

et al. 2016

Eye

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Purpose To assess the results of anterior lamellar recession, blepharoplasty, and supratarsal fixation procedure in patients with upper eyelid cicatricial entropion without lagophthalmos. Methods In a prospective interventional case series, 52 eyelids (32 patients) were included (April 2009-December 2010. Excluded were patients with previous eyelid surgeries, lagophthalmos, and o12 months of follow-up. Using a microscope, after recessing anterior lamella 3-4 mm above the eyelid margin, it was fixed with 4-5 interrupted 6-0 vicryl sutures. Excess anterior lamella was then excised (blepharoplasty), supratarsal fixation sutures (6-0 vicryl) were put and the skin was closed with 6-0 nylon sutures. Success and failure defined based upon eyelash-globe touch on the last followup visit (at least 12 months), respectively. Results There were 21 females (65.6%) and 11 males (34.4%) with a mean age of 69.7 years (SD = 6.9) and mean follow-up of 21.06 months (SD = 8.26). Success was observed in 39 (75%) and failure in 13 (25%). Mean time of failure was 4.5 months (SD = 3). Although re-treatment with radio-frequency electrolysis (eight eyelids) and re-anterior lamellar recession (two eyelids) resulted in success in 12 eyelids with failure, two patients (three eyelids) declined further procedure. Except for thickened eyelid margin, no complications were observed. Conclusion Anterior lamellar recession, blepharoplasty, and supratarsal fixation procedure is an effective and safe technique for the treatment of the upper eyelid cicatricial entropion without lagophthalmos.

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“…Repeated bacterial infections (3) and immune factors (4) induce a subepithelial fibrous membrane adherent to the tarsal plate even in the absence of Chamydia trachomatis (5) . Confocal microscopy has revealed that there is a wide spectrum of subepithelial cicatricial changes ranging from fine strands of amorphous tissue to broad bands of connective tissue (6) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper eyelid entropion and dry eye in cicatricial trachoma without trichiasis

Lucena¹,

Akaishi²,

Rodrigues³

et al. 2012

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Purpose: to evaluate the position of the upper eyelid margin and eye surface sta tus in cicatricial trachoma without trichiasis (TS). Methods: Slit-lamp biomicroscopy was employed to evaluate the location of the upper lid mucocutaneous transition of 156 eyes of 78 patients with trichiasis and of 130 eyes of 65 control subjects. For each eye the position of the upper lid mucocutaneous junction was graded with respect to the line of meibomian gland orifices into 3 categories: a) anterior, b) at the line, and c) posterior to the line. Ocular surface dye staining with lissamine green was performed in all eyes. All participants answered a questionnaire with queries on the presence and intensity of dry eye symptoms. Results: In the eyes with trichiasis the location of the mucocutaneous transition was posterior to the meibomian gland line in 55 (35.3%), at the line in 77 (49.4%) and anterior to the line in only 24 (15.4%). In the control group these figures were: 5 (3.8%); 42 (42%) and 83 (63.8%). Lissamine staining and dry eye symptoms were also associated with trichiasis. Conclusion: Different degrees of upper lid entropion are already present in cicatricial trachoma even in the absence of trichiasis. Trichiasis is associated with lissamine green staining and dry eye symptoms. Conjunctivalization of the upper lid margin may play a role in the development of trachomatous dry eye. Keywords

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The Histopathology and the Mechanism of Entropion in Patients with Trachoma

Cited by 52 publications

References 12 publications

Cytokine and Fibrogenic Gene Expression in the Conjunctivas of Subjects from a Gambian Community Where Trachoma Is Endemic

Cytokine and Fibrogenic Gene Expression in the Conjunctivas of Subjects from a Gambian Community Where Trachoma Is Endemic

Anterior lamellar recession, blepharoplasty, and supratarsal fixation for cicatricial upper eyelid entropion without lagophthalmos

Upper eyelid entropion and dry eye in cicatricial trachoma without trichiasis

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