The Histopathology of Lung Cancer in Liverpool: A Survey of Bronchial Biopsy Histology

Whitwell, F.

doi:10.1038/bjc.1961.53

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The overall proportion of adenocarcinoma and large-cell carcinoma among males in the present series (31.4%) is high in relation to European series (e.g. Whitwell, 1961). The relative frequencies of histological types in our series are very similar to those in Chinese reported to the Singapore Cancer Registry (Law, Day and Shanmugaratnam, 1976), thus supporting their validity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Cervical cancer: age at registration and age at death

West¹

1977

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Age-adjusted mortality from lung cancer rose rapidly in both males and females in Hong Kong from [1960][1961][1962][1963][1964][1965][1966][1967][1968][1969][1970][1971][1972]. The relative frequency of epidermoid carcinoma increased in male bronchial biopsies but not in lung biopsies, resections, or autopsies; there was a decline in small-cell anaplastic carcinoma. In both males and females the ratio of Kreyberg Group I (epidermoid and small-cell anaplastic) to Group II (adenocarcinoma and carcinoid) tumours did not increase, despite an 80% rise in mortality from lung cancer. Adenocarcinoma was the most common type in females, despite the high mortality from lung cancer. It is speculated that cigarette smoking might produce a different pattern of histological types among Hong Kong Chinese, or that additional aetiological factors may be operating there.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Cervical cancer: age at registration and age at death

West¹

1977

Br J Cancer

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“…Bronchoscopy therefore in this series is reliable in 90% of cases and the tissue most accessible to biopsy seems to be the most differentiated part of the tumour. Whitwell (1961), analysing 344 cases, found no disagreement in those with adenocarcinoma, 17y7% difference with squamous carcinoma, 15*5% difference with oat-cell carcinoma, and 31% difference with 'carcinoma simplex'. He found higher differentiation in the operation specimen than in the bronchoscopic biopsy specimen and assumed that the main specimen will give the more correct report because so much more tissue is examined histologically.…”

Section: Histologymentioning

confidence: 91%

Histology of Bronchial Carcinoma in Relation to Prognosis

Ab¹,

Nk²,

Ja³

1963

Thorax

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“…Except for 10 specimens which were reported elsewhere, all resected material in both groups was submitted to the same pathologist who reported on the histological type of tumour and the lymph node involvement. All histological reports referred to the removed tumour and not to bronchoscopic biopsy specimens, in which we have found a 7% typing error when compared to the removed specimen (Whitwell, 1961).…”

Section: Assessment Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Use of BCG as an immunostimulant in the surgical treatment of carcinoma of the lung

Edwards

Whitwell

1974

Thorax

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-658. Use of BCG as an immunostimulant in the surgical treatment of carcinoma of the lung. Cell-mediated immunity to cancer cells would appear to exert some control over the extension of tumour growth, and stimulation of this factor might result in increased survival after surgical treatment of the tumour. Of the various agents used as stimulators in experimental work, BCG would seem to be the most convenient to use in man. A single dose of BCG-Glaxo (500,000 organisms) was given subdermally 10 days after excision of lung carcinoma. The length of survival was used as the index of the effect of the BCG.Two trials were initiated, the first to study the safety of BCG and a survival study of 120 consecutive cases (60 used as controls). This is an interim report at two years of this trial. The main features at this stage show that the overall survival rate has increased from 38% in the controls to 52% in the BCG group. In the squamous-cell group survival has risen from 50% to 62% and, in those with positive nodes, from 33% to 53%. In the oat-cell group, two-year survival has risen from 11% in the controls to 50% in the BCG groups, though the numbers are small. Although encouraging, the results are not statistically significant.The second trial is a randomized trial in which five surgeons have taken part, and 500 consecutive cases of lung resection for carcinoma are documented (250 control and 250 BCG). It is too early for results to be assessed in this group.

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The Histopathology of Lung Cancer in Liverpool: A Survey of Bronchial Biopsy Histology

Abstract: Images Figs. 1-3

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Cervical cancer: age at registration and age at death

Cervical cancer: age at registration and age at death

Histology of Bronchial Carcinoma in Relation to Prognosis

Use of BCG as an immunostimulant in the surgical treatment of carcinoma of the lung

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