“…After a short section on the ideology of Scotticisms, I will devote a few thoughts to recent research on historical (im)politeness as developed by Culpeper (2011), Culpeper and Demmen (2011), Bax and Kádár (2011), Rudanko (2006Rudanko ( , 2011Rudanko ( , 2017, Mills (2004Mills ( , 2011, Fitzmaurice (2010), and Agha (2003), touching on another cornerstone of Englishness in the second half of the eighteenth century, the 4th Earl of Chesterfield's Letters to His Son (1774). Here, Chesterfield provides advice on language style and good manners as marks of high class.…”