The history of intrusive activity on the island of La Palma (Canary Islands)

Staudigel, Hubert; Féraud, Gilbert; Giannerini, Gérard

doi:10.1016/0377-0273(86)90018-1

Cited by 97 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The volcanic history of La Palma originated around 4 Ma ago when a seamount formed on the Jurassic oceanic crust and was subsequently elevated to an altitude of up to 1500 m a.s.l., where it now forms the Basal Complex [22]. Subaerial activity started around 2.0 Ma [23], when a multi- The main part of the park is formed by the headwaters of the Barranco de Las Angustias, a semi-circular basin 8 km in diameter and 2000 m from top to bottom, resembling a great volcanic crater or caldera, although its morphology is in fact the result of the superposition of several volcanic edifices, erosive phases, and large landslides [21].…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flood Hazard Management in Public Mountain Recreation Areas vs. Ungauged Fluvial Basins. Case Study of the Caldera de Taburiente National Park, Canary Islands (Spain)

Garrote

Díez‐Herrero

Pozo³

et al. 2017

Geosciences

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Las Angustias River is an ungauged stream in the Caldera de Taburiente National Park (Spain), where frequent intense flash-flood events occur. The aim of this research is to analyze the flood hazard at the Playa de Taburiente. Based on the limited information available (short time-series of daily precipitation), a statistical frequency analysis of 24 h rainfall was completed and the precipitation results were transformed into surface runoff. To determine if the model underestimates the flows that are generated in the basin, the dendro-geomorphological information available was used to calibrate results. The results of the HMS model were significantly lower. At this point, both the rainfall data and the rainfall-runoff model were re-analyzed to maximize the rainfall intensity values and the runoff generated (increasing the CN value for the basin). For the 1997 flood event, a 1250 m 3 ·s −1 flood minimizes the RMSE for the disturbed tree sample; this flow value also clearly exceeds any peak flow derived from the rainfall-runoff analysis. It is only when rainfall intensity and surface runoff are maximized that the peak flows obtained approximate those associated with dendro-geomorphological data. The results highlight the difficulties of flood hazard management in ungauged torrential basins in mountain recreational areas (such as National Parks). Thus, in the absence of flow records, when considering the maximum rainfall intensity scenario may be a useful and effective tool for flood risk management.

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Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood Hazard Management in Public Mountain Recreation Areas vs. Ungauged Fluvial Basins. Case Study of the Caldera de Taburiente National Park, Canary Islands (Spain)

Garrote

Díez‐Herrero

Pozo³

et al. 2017

Geosciences

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“…1), is formed by mafic plutonic rocks, and submarine volcanics, very scarce marine sediments (fine grained, thin layered pelitic, siliceous and carbonate sediments) traversed by a dense network of mainly basic dikes (Cendrero, 1971). This unit represents mainly the submarine growth stage of the island (the Submarine Edifice) and is analogous to those existent in La Palma (Staudigel and Schmincke, 1984;De La Nuez, 1984;Staudigel et al, 1986) and Fuerteventura (Stillman et al, 1975;Le Bas et al, 1986;Ancochea et al, 1996). All the remaining islands, including Tenerife, lack the BC, but it is thought to be underlying the subaerial units.…”

Section: The Submarine Edificementioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the construction of the Young Edifice, this concludes the volcanic activity of La Gomera. The beginning of the seamount construction of La Palma also marks this period (Staudigel et al, 1986).…”

Section: Chronological Evolution Of the Canarian Volcanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new chronostratigraphical and evolutionary model for La Gomera: Implications for the overall evolution of the Canarian Archipelago

Ancochea

Hernán

Huertas

et al. 2006

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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A review of the general volcano-stratigraphy and geochronology of La Gomera, one of the lesser known Canary Islands, has led to the establishment of a new evolutionary model. The oldest edifice corresponds to the submarine stage built up between 20 and 15 Ma. The construction of the Submarine Edifice was followed by an important break in the activity (about 4 Ma) and deep erosion of the edifice. About 10.5 Ma ago, the main present-day edifice (the Old Edifice 10.5-6.4 Ma) emerged, which was also submarine in its initial phases. Two different main stages are distinguishable. The first stage was represented by a large, some 22 km wide basaltic shield volcano (the Lower Old Edifice). Several lateral collapse events (Tazo and San Marcos avalanches) occurred during this time and were responsible for the removal of an important part of its northern flank. In the second growth stage (the Upper Old Edifice), the activity migrated southwards. A 25-km wide composite volcano arose covering part of the remaining earlier shield volcano. The felsic (trachytic to phonolitic) activity occurring in two separate episodes formed a significant component of this composite volcano. Finally, one more recent large edifice (the Young Edifice) built up from 5.7 to 4 Ma. The lava flows of this younger edifice covered completely the centre and the south of the island and filled deep ravines in the north. More evolved magmas, including significant felsic magmas (the third and last felsic episode), occurred in this phase of activity.The growth of La Gomera was long-lasting, separated by an important gap in the activity in the Middle Miocene, with no Quaternary activity at all. At the same time on Tenerife (the nearest island east of La Gomera), three large edifices grew separately: Roque del Conde, Anaga and Teno (initially three separated islands). From the available data, it is inferred that the subaerial activity started earlier in the Roque del Conde Edifice, then on La Gomera and later in Teno in the NW and Anaga in NE of Tenerife, which is the youngest of all these edifices. These facts, together with the irregular general progress of the volcanic activity, support more complex views of the genesis for the Canary Islands than the simple hotspot model.

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“…This indicates that the islands rose up from the ocean floor as independent blocks or groups of blocks (Marinoni and Pasquare, 1994), an assumption also supported by the bathymetry, which shows independent insular edifices separated by deep sea. Staudigel et al (1986), and Aralia and Ortiz (1986,1991) have suggested that most of this uplift is due to the action of important normal faults, while Femandez et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Canary Islands origin: a unifying model

Anguita

Hernán

2000

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

197

128

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A new model, partially based on the three most widely cited previous hypotheses, is proposed to explain the genesis of the Canary Islands. From the hotspot hypothesis it retains the notion that the islands originated from a thermal anomaly in the mantle. From the propagating fracture hypothesis it takes the critical role of regional fractures in the onset of magmatism. The uplifted block hypothesis contributes with the notion that the islands are in their present freeboard attitude due to the action of tectonic forces.The main drawbacks of the three preceding hypotheses are solved within this unifying approach: the thermal anomaly is an upper mantle residue from an old plume, and therefore it does not carry (or does it in a highly diluted form) the typical geophysical and geochernical plume signatures; the fractures are well developed on the continental and oceanic crust, but not in the extremely thick sedimentary pile between the Canary Islands and Africa; and the Canary Islands uplift took place through transpressive shears, and not by means of purely reverse faults. This unifying model, which integrates the thermal and tectonic histories of the lithosphere and the sublithospheric mantle, is considered to be a valid approach to a number of volcanic areas where, as has been highlighted in recent years, pure hotspot or pure fracture models are found wanting to explain oceanic or (less frequently) continental volcanic lines.

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The history of intrusive activity on the island of La Palma (Canary Islands)

Cited by 97 publications

References 20 publications

Flood Hazard Management in Public Mountain Recreation Areas vs. Ungauged Fluvial Basins. Case Study of the Caldera de Taburiente National Park, Canary Islands (Spain)

Flood Hazard Management in Public Mountain Recreation Areas vs. Ungauged Fluvial Basins. Case Study of the Caldera de Taburiente National Park, Canary Islands (Spain)

A new chronostratigraphical and evolutionary model for La Gomera: Implications for the overall evolution of the Canarian Archipelago

The Canary Islands origin: a unifying model

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