The history of long-term studies of Galactic X-ray binaries with jet emissions with RATAN-600

Abstract

The first "Cold" survey of the CMB anisotropy has been carried out for almost 100 days in 1980 with the Northern Sector of RATAN-600, by the decision of Yu.N. Parijskij at the declination of the most famous Galactic object SS 433. Interestingly then this very variable sources was stable at cantimeter wavelengths. Since 1980 we conduct regular observations of the SS433 and later of new discovered Galactic stellar radio sources, collectively called microquasars. Indeed the radio emission and SS 433 and the first the Galactic 'superluminal' source GRS 1915+105 strongly resembles many well-known extragalactic sources associated with active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Already in the 1980s, VLA mapping of SS433 showed 'jet-like' morphology of its radio emission. Also from VLBI mapping it became clear that the famous flaring radio source Cyg X-3, which contains either a black hole (BH) or a neutron star (NS) in the binary with a massive Wolf-Rayet star, has an elongated radio emission shape at small angular scales, again similar to quasars. Now our long-term intensive studies of SS 433 allow us to assert that all the flaring events have been detected over the past ten years, and the bright flares themselves are unambiguously associated with the features of jet activity, well studied using optical spectroscopy of the object. In GRS 1915+105, we found a lot of relatively bright flaries associated with dramatic changes in the X-ray state, which was monitored in the ASM programs on the instruments of RXTE, SWIFT and MAXI. We studied on the properties of the giant Cyg X-3 flares detected on a long (weeks) and short (hours) time scale. For the last task see paper by Shevchenko et al. in this issue. Origin of the super-orbital 4.6-year period of the microquasar LSI+61d303 is probably associated with beats of the jets precession (26.95d) and the orbital (26.5d) motion of a pulsar. In general, the monitoring of microquasars with RATAN-600 is the highly productive program due to the features of the telescope and the sensitive multi-frequency measurements. Unknown properties of jets-disk coupling in X-ray binaries were detected, bringing clearance in common physics of cosmic relativistic jets.