The history of the Stribeck curve and ball bearing steels: The role of Adolf Martens

Woydt, Mathias; Wäsche, Rolf

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2010.02.015

Cited by 89 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Although lubrication has been exploited for many centuries, the details of the underlying physics and chemistry are still to be resolved. There are three broad regimes of friction/lubrication depending upon the applied load [2]: from (i) the hydrodynamic regime, where a reasonable layer of oil can survive between the moving surfaces to (ii) the boundary regime where the high load pushes most oil out leaving a molecularly thin film between the surfaces and (iii) an intermediate 'mixed' regime. In many commercial applications, additives (boundary lubricants) can be added to the oil to maintain and enhance the oil monolayer adsorbed on surfaces, which are believed to act by adsorption to the metal surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant Adsorption at the Metal–Oil Interface

Campana

Teichert

Clarke³

et al. 2011

Langmuir

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The structure of the adsorbed palmitic acid at the Fe oxide/oil interface has been investigated using polarised neutron reflectometry. The palmitic acid was found to be strongly adsorbed at the oxide/oil interface resulting in a monolayer of thickness 16±4 Å for 150, and 500 ppm palmitic acid concentrations (16±5 Å for the 1000 ppm solution). These layer thicknesses suggest tilt for the palmitic acid molecules with respect to the interface. The model also requires a second diffuse layer extending in the bulk oil. The thickness of this diffuse layer was 35±17 Å for the 150 ppm and 45±22 Å for 500 and 1000 ppm solutions. The composition profiles at the interface suggest a depletion of the oil in the vicinity of the interface as the concentration of palmitic acid increases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant Adsorption at the Metal–Oil Interface

Campana

Teichert

Clarke³

et al. 2011

Langmuir

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“…Velocity and load increment had also important roles to play in this test, as they both affected the friction force [14,15]. The graph indicated that the friction force differed with the area density of the dimples.…”

Section: -1 Friction Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…There are three kinds of friction as classified on the basis of the Stribeck curve: boundary friction, mixed friction, and fluid friction [15]. Boundary friction occurs when two surfaces in contact rub against each other.…”

Section: -1 Friction Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The original results published by Stribeck best fit the classical "Stribeck curve". The friction regimes for sliding of lubricated surfaces are traditionally categorized into solid/boundary friction, mixed friction, and fluid friction, on the basis of the "Stribeck curve" [15]. Accordingly, is possible to identify a point of minimum friction and apply it to a lubrication system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tribology Characteristics in 300 μm of Hexagonal Array Dimple Pattern

Choi¹,

Hermanto²,

Kwon³

et al. 2015

Journal of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication E

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− In the tribological performance of materials, a textured surface reduces the friction coefficient and wear. This study investigates the effects of a pattern of 300 µm dimples in a hexagonal array on the tribological characteristics. Previous studies investigated 200 µm dimples by using a similar material and method. There are three frictional conditions based on the Stribeck curve: boundary friction, mixed friction, and fluid friction. In this experiment, we investigated the frictional characteristics by conducting frictional tests at sliding speeds ranging from 9.6 rpm to 143.3 rpm and a normal load ranging from 13.6 N to 92 N. We used a photolithography method to create dimples for surface texturing. We used five specimens with different dimple densities 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% in this study. The dimple density on the surface area is one of the important factors affecting the friction characteristics. The duty number graph indicates a fully developed fluid friction regime. Fluid friction occurs at a velocity of 28.7-143.3 rpm. We observed the best performance at a dimple density of 10% and a dimple diameter of 300 µm in the hexagonal array, the lowest friction coefficient at 0.0037 with 9.6 rpm 9.6N load, and the maximum friction coefficient at 0.0267 with 143.3 rpm 92N load.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribology Characteristics in 200 μm of Hexagonal Array Dimple Pattern

Choi¹,

Angga²,

Kwon³

et al. 2015

Journal of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication E

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− This study investigates the effects of a pattern of 200 µm dimples in a hexagonal array on tribological characteristics. A textured surface might reduce the friction coefficient and wear caused by third-body abrasion and thus improve the tribological performance. There are three friction conditions based on the Stribeck curve: boundary friction, mixed friction, and fluid friction conditions. In this experiment, we investigate the friction characteristics by carrying out the friction tests at sliding speeds ranging from 0.06 to 0.34 m/s and normal load ranging from 10 to 100 N. We create dimple surfaces for texturing by using the photolithography method. There are three kinds of specimens with different dimple densities ranging from 10% to 30%. The dimple density on the surface area is the one of the important factors affecting friction characteristics. Friction coefficient generally decreases with an increase in the velocity and load, indicating that the lubrication regime changes depending on the load and velocity. The fluid friction regime is fully developed, as indicated by the duty number graph. Fluid friction occurs at a velocity of 0.14-0.26 m/s. The best performance is seen at 10% dimple density and 200 µm dimple circle in the hexagonal array.

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The history of the Stribeck curve and ball bearing steels: The role of Adolf Martens

Cited by 89 publications

References 3 publications

Surfactant Adsorption at the Metal–Oil Interface

Surfactant Adsorption at the Metal–Oil Interface

Tribology Characteristics in 300 μm of Hexagonal Array Dimple Pattern

Tribology Characteristics in 200 μm of Hexagonal Array Dimple Pattern

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