The horizontal flow of buoyant gases toward an opening

Morgan, H.P.

doi:10.1016/0379-7112(86)90062-7

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In this study, k m is assigned to be 1.35 according to the average horizontal outflow velocity measured in the previous experiments, and k Q is taken as 0.9 considering that the temperature of the spill plume is a little lower than that of the smoke layer inside the shop [15]. The position of the neutral plane, H n , is located approximately at the height of the soffit of the spill plume at the vent section, and the interface height Z g,s is a little lower than the neutral plane height, i.e.,…”

Section: Smoke and Heat Movement In Retail Shopmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An investigation on spill plume development and natural filling in large full-scale atrium under retail shop fire

Shi

Chow

et al. 2007

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Section: Smoke and Heat Movement In Retail Shopmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A hot smoke layer forms and descends to spill out of the shop. The flow rates of heat ð _ Q v Þ and mass ð _ m v Þ out of the shop can be defined by the following integrations [15]:…”

Section: Horizontal Curved Section Of the Spill Plumementioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation on spill plume development and natural filling in large full-scale atrium under retail shop fire

Shi

Chow

et al. 2007

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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“…A calculation method devised by Morgan and Marshall [29] was revised by Morgan [30], with reference to the horizontal flow of smoke towards the opening and by Morgan and Hansell [31] to extend the methods applicability to include adhered spill plumes. This is known as the BRE Spill Plume method…”

Section: Spill Plumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Analysis of the Use of Different Zone Models to Predict the Mass Smoke Flow for Axisymetric and Spill Plumes

Sanderson

Kilpatrick²,

Torero³

2008

Fire Saf. Sci.

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Sanderson [1]examined the theoretical basis for and the experimentation supporting the predictive smoke zone models currently being used in fire engineering design that are cited, in nationally and internationally accepted guidance documents, to support the increasing use of performance-based building codes/regulations throughout the world.This critical examination identified anomalies: 1) between different researcher's results, when considering the same fire environment, and 2) areas where the models used in guidance documents have limited empirical support. The variance between models was examined by the parametric variation of critical data input parameters the impact of which indicated that the most recent research produced models that predict a lower level of mass smoke flow than the earlier models. It may be suggested that the more recent research, building on previous work, produces models that can be used with a greater level of confidence however there is no robust evidence to support this. This paper illustrates the variances between the model outputs by means of a case study.Currently there is a move towards the use of Computational Fluid Dynamic modelling of fire. However, given the limited validation of these models in the area of smoke movement and the computer time and power required to run these models, there is still a place in fire engineering design for the zone model.As an increasing number of countries adopt performance building and fire codes/regulations and given the consequent need for predictive mass smoke flow models in which regulators, fire engineers and society can have confidence, it is concluded that the research supporting zone modelling of fire should be extended. This research should be robust and transparent in order to either produce models that are substantially more acceptable than those currently being used or to provide more confidence in models. Height of virtual origin of plume (m) KEYWORDS

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“…Two key variables of the approach flow must initially be determined, for example, the depth of the layer and the temperature of the layer at its highest point. The remaining approach flow parameters can then be calculated using a theory to describe the horizontal flow of buoyant gases toward an opening by Morgan [10]. The mass flow rate of gases at the opening can be determined using Equation 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that can be calculated using methods given either by Morgan [10] or Thomas et al [20] (also used by Quintiere et al [25]…”

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confidence: 99%

Entrainment of Air into a Balcony Spill Plume

Harrison¹,

Spearpoint²

2006

Journal of Fire Protection Engineering

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This paper examines various uncertainties relating to calculation methods for the balcony spill plume. The approach of physical scale modelling was used in the analysis. Comparisons are made between the experimental results and the predictions made using these calculation methods. This work has demonstrated that the presence of a downstand at the spill edge of a compartment opening appears to have little effect on the entrainment of air into the subsequent spill plume. A simplified spill plume formula has also been developed to predict the mass flow rate of gases, which inherently includes entrainment of air into the free ends.

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The horizontal flow of buoyant gases toward an opening

Cited by 29 publications

References 5 publications

An investigation on spill plume development and natural filling in large full-scale atrium under retail shop fire

An investigation on spill plume development and natural filling in large full-scale atrium under retail shop fire

A Comparative Analysis of the Use of Different Zone Models to Predict the Mass Smoke Flow for Axisymetric and Spill Plumes

Entrainment of Air into a Balcony Spill Plume

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