The hormonal and inflammatory responses to pelvic reconstructive surgery following major trauma

Nicholson, Grainne; Woodfine, Jennie A.; Bryant, Annie; Macdonald, I. A.; Bircher, Martin; Grounds, R. M.; Hall, George

doi:10.1016/j.injury.2004.07.037

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Interestingly, only SHC and CSC mice of the TH flox /Crebut not TH flox /Cre + group showed the typical increase in plasma NE concentrations in response to femur osteotomy (Supplementary Fig. 3b) reported in other studies 21,22 , suggesting that post-fracture changes in systemic NE levels are mainly mediated by myeloid cells. In line with the latter, several types of immune cells, including neutrophils and macrophages, increase CA production in response to inflammatory stimuli like lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 23 .…”

Section: Th Ko In Myeloid Cells Protects Against Negative Stress Effe...supporting

confidence: 57%

Neutrophil-derived catecholamines mediate negative stress effects on bone

Tschaffon-Müller,

Kempter,

Steppe

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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Mental traumatization is associated with long-bone growth retardation, osteoporosis and increased fracture risk. We revealed earlier that mental trauma disturbs cartilage-to-bone transition during bone growth and repair in mice. Trauma increased tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing neutrophils in bone marrow and fracture callus. Here we show that tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the fracture hematoma of patients correlates positively with acknowledged stress, depression, and pain scores as well as individual ratings of healing-impairment and pain-perception post-fracture. Moreover, mice lacking tyrosine hydroxylase in myeloid cells are protected from chronic psychosocial stress-induced disturbance of bone growth and healing. Chondrocyte-specific β2-adrenoceptor-deficient mice are also protected from stress-induced bone growth retardation. In summary, our preclinical data identify locally secreted catecholamines in concert with β2-adrenoceptor signalling in chondrocytes as mediators of negative stress effects on bone growth and repair. Given our clinical data, these mechanistic insights seem to be of strong translational relevance.

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Section: Th Ko In Myeloid Cells Protects Against Negative Stress Effe...supporting

confidence: 57%

Neutrophil-derived catecholamines mediate negative stress effects on bone

Tschaffon-Müller,

Kempter,

Steppe

et al. 2023

Nat Commun

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“…The search yielded 7634 references for the abstract screening of which 71 studies were included in the analysis (Table ). The PRISMA flow diagram (Figure ) details the number of records identified, included and excluded and the reasons for exclusions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cortisol stress response induced by surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Prete

Yan

Al-Tarrah

et al. 2018

Clinical Endocrinology

126

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SummaryObjective: Surgery is a stressor that can be categorized by duration and severity and induces a systemic stress response that includes increased adrenal cortisol production. However, the precise impact of surgical stress on the cortisol response remains to be defined. Design:We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the cortisol stress response induced by surgery and to stratify this response according to different parameters. Methods:We conducted a comprehensive search in several databases from 1990 to 2016. Pairs of reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias. Cortisol concentrations were standardized, pooled in metaanalysis and plotted over time. Results:We included 71 studies reporting peri-operative serum cortisol measurements in 2953 patients. The cortisol response differed substantially between moderately/highly invasive and minimally invasive surgical procedures. Minimally invasive procedures did not show a peri-operative cortisol peak, whereas more invasive surgeries caused a cortisol surge that was more pronounced in older subjects, womenand patients undergoing open surgery and general anaesthesia. The duration of the procedure and the use of etomidate for induction of anaesthesia did not affect the cortisol response. Conclusions:The peri-operative cortisol stress response is dynamic and influenced by patient-specific, surgical and anaesthetic features. However, the available evidence is derived from highly heterogeneous studies, with only two of 71 studies measuring cortisol by mass spectrometry, which currently prevents a precise and reproducible definition of this response. K E Y W O R D Sadrenal cortex, adrenal insufficiency, cortisol, hydrocortisone, pituitary-adrenal system, stress, surgery | 555 PRETE ET al. | INTRODUC TI ONThe controlled trauma of a surgical insult activates adaptive changes in the neuro-hormonal system and the inflammation response.1 The primary mechanism responsible for cortisol hypersecretion in response to stress is executed by the afferent nerve signals derived from the surgical site, which in turn stimulate the hypothalamus to release corticotropin-releasing hormone and arginine vasopressin.

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“…Research in our laboratory and elsewhere has demonstrated that pOC is significantly affected by physiological, psychological, social, and environmental stressors in ways that differ depending on type of stimulus. Human patients had decreased pOC following administration of anesthetics known to increase glucocorticoids, 17–19 as did patients experiencing anxiety prior to scheduled surgery 20 . A similar decrease in pOC was noted in response to administration of cort to rats 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Ethanol and Stress Activate Catecholamine Synthesis in the Adrenal

Patterson-Buckendahl¹,

La²,

Kubovčáková³

et al. 2008

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Ethanol consumption and mental stress activate the sympathetic nervous system, which can adversely affect bone. We compared six groups of 10 young adult rats, three with and three without 2 h daily restraint stress. Two groups consumed food and water ad libitum, two received food and 6% (w/v) ethanol as drinking water, and two received the amount of food consumed by ethanol rats the previous day plus water ad libitum (pairfed). After 6 weeks, rats were killed. Plasma, femurs, lumbar vertebrae, and adrenals were harvested. Femoral dimensions were measured and biomechanical properties were tested by three-point bending. Plasma osteocalcin, vertebral osteocalcin mRNA levels, and adrenomedullary tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), and phenylethanolamine N-methyl transferase (PNMT) mRNA levels were quantified. Daily restraint decreased weight gain and femoral length compared to dietary controls, and appeared to partially preserve bone strength, especially in calorie-restricted pairfed rats. Femoral strength was significantly affected by treatment in that bones of pairfed controls were weakest, ethanol drinkers were intermediate, and ad libitum restrained were strongest. Femoral yield load, displacement, and work at yield load were negatively correlated with TH and DBH mRNA levels, but not PNMT, suggesting a negative influence of norepinephrine. Plasma osteocalcin and dry weight of lumbar 3-5 vertebrae were unaffected; however, osteocalcin mRNA in second lumbar vertebrae was positively correlated with TH, DBH, and PNMT levels. Ethanol consumption at this level had little effect on femur morphology or strength. In contrast, the data suggested possible stimulation rather than inhibition of vertebral bone formation.

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The hormonal and inflammatory responses to pelvic reconstructive surgery following major trauma

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Neutrophil-derived catecholamines mediate negative stress effects on bone

Neutrophil-derived catecholamines mediate negative stress effects on bone

The cortisol stress response induced by surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Ethanol and Stress Activate Catecholamine Synthesis in the Adrenal

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