The Household as Security: Strategies of Rural-Urban Migrants in China

Fan, C. Cindy; Wang, Wenfei Winnie; Wang, W. W.

doi:10.1142/9789812790507_0011

Cited by 46 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It is therefore not surprising that the sense of familiarity was very similar among urban hukou holders in Old Village and the Commercial Compound and comparatively low among rural-to-urban migrants. In stark contrast to the literature, which assumes that rural-to-urban migrants are reluctant to stay in the city (Fan, 2008a(Fan, , 2008bFan & Wang, 2008;Zheng et al, 2009), the majority (57%) of interviewed rural-to-urban migrants in the Old Village wanted to stay forever. This willingness is indicated in the subdimension "commitment" which reflects expectations and aspirations for the future and the desire to maintain living in the current environment.…”

Section: Spatial Imaginations and Perceptions Of The Othercontrasting

confidence: 67%

Borderland urbanism: seeing between enclaves

Iossifova

2014

Urban Geography

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Recent scholarship on the characteristics of Chinese urbanism engages with the practices and possible consequences of so-called enclave urbanism, said to generate cities as agglomerations of patchworked enclaves. Acknowledging that inequality becomes explicit in supposedly self-contained enclaves, in this paper, I seek to advance the initial debate by shifting the focus onto the spaces and processes in-between the enclaves. I draw on fieldwork in Shanghai to argue that perceptions of inequality, individual and group identities, everyday cultures and, ultimately, new ways of being in and making the city are shaped amidst the in-between spaces that essentiate emerging cities in China and elsewhere: urban borderlands. I outline a research agenda around the current and future urban condition and propose the exploration of borderland urbanism as a timely new direction in urban geography.

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Section: Spatial Imaginations and Perceptions Of The Othercontrasting

confidence: 67%

Borderland urbanism: seeing between enclaves

Iossifova

2014

Urban Geography

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“…The second and third norms for the 1980s and 1990s sole migrants are migrant work being a short-term, not a long-term, strategy and the intention for permanent resettlement is weak (Fan and Wang, 2008). Migrants' goal is to improve the family's economic situation-to pay off debt, to (re)build a house, to buy furniture, to buy fertilizer, to finance a wedding, and to send children to school.…”

Section: Migration and Split Households In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, the urban demand for service jobs such as domestic workers (baoniu)-which recruit not only young, single women but also older women-has increased, boosting job opportunities for rural, married women. Unlike the inside-outside model where one spouse stays home to care for children, the outside -outside model reduces long-time separation between spouses but demands alternative care-giving arrangements, which may depend on the number of children, the age of the children, and whether migrants' parents are available to help (Fan and Wang, 2008). In general, couple migration is feasible when the children are young, when their schooling does not require close supervision, and when migrants' parents are able to help (Fan, 2009;Ye and Pan, 2008, page 301).…”

Section: Migration and Split Households In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration and Split Households: A Comparison of Sole, Couple, and Family Migrants in Beijing, China

2011

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The practice of split households among rural-urban migrants in China has persisted for more than twenty years. In this paper we compare three forms of split households, differentiated by whether the migrant's spouse and children are left behind or have joined the migrant: sole migration, couple migration, and family migration. Our survey of fifty chengzhongcun (urban villages) in Beijing conducted in 2008 shows that couple migration and family migration are outcomes of rural Chinese actively rearranging their household division of labor in order to maximize earnings from urban work opportunities. Migrants' decision to leave the children behind or to bring them along depends on the children's age and whether migrants' parents are available to help. Contrary to expectation, more household members in the city signals neither stronger intention to stay nor greater trust in the host society. These findings highlight the importance of thinking about migrants as circulators and thinking about migration, including family migration, as not necessarily a prelude to permanent settlement. They also underscore the need to address the experiences of long-term split households, a discourse that has received much less attention than one that assumes that a family lives together most of the time. Migration, settlement, and split householdsMigration is increasingly seen as not just a one-way move from the origin to the destination but as an activity that engages both origin and destination societies. Studies on international and transnational migration in particular have highlighted the multiple identities and ties that are stretched across nations and facilitated by

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“…Urban residents with psychosis in China may be disadvantaged in marriage, owing to factors such as increasing individualism, 18 fewer arranged marriages, 19 and a higher recommended marriage age by the government in urban China 20 . Even if marriage is achieved, contextual factors—such as economic pressure for both spouses to earn salaries and decreased availability of extended family 21 may increase rates of divorce among urban residents with psychosis compared with their rural counterparts. Because females with schizophrenia have been found to be married at higher rates than males with schizophrenia in China 22 and later age of onset has been associated with better social recovery, 7,23 we stratify our analyses by gender and age of onset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%