The HRCT appearances of granulomatous pulmonary disease in common variable immune deficiency

Bronchoalveolar lavage cytology resembles sarcoidosis in a subgroup of granulomatous CVID

“…Most frequently, chest CT showed different findings from pulmonary sarcoidosis with nodular involvement (seven out of 11 patients in Kollert's cohort and 16 out of 20 in ours) and random distribution of micronodules when present. Other studies have previously suggested these findings [2][3][4].…”

Granulomatosis-associated common variable immunodeficiency disorder: a case–control studyversussarcoidosis

“…The occurrence of noncaseating granulomatous lesions in patients with CVID has previously been well described [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]; whether it should be considered as sarcoidosis or ''sarcoid-like'' process is still debated [5,7,9,10]. In the literature, as in our study, key phenotypic differences between CVID/GD and sarcoidosis have been pointed out.…”

“…Some studies [11,12,18] had suggested that one important difference between CVID/GD and pulmonary sarcoidosis was the CT scan features and, particularly, the aspect and distribution of nodules and micronodules. Our series clearly confirmed their findings.…”

“…Most published studies on lung manifestations in CVID/GD were limited to one aspect, such as computed tomography (CT) at presentation, and/or included only a limited number of cases [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Granulomatous disease: Distinguishing primary antibody disease from sarcoidosis

“…Both CVIDs and sarcoidosis may present with deteriorating lung function, including reduced gas transfer and restrictive changes on pulmonary function testing. Radiological features of both conditions include hilar adenopathy, pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial changes and nodules on CXR and CT [9]. Thus a distinction cannot reliably be made using radiological or functional features alone.…”