The human-factors’ challenges of (tele)drivers of Autonomous Vehicles

Meir, Anat; Grimberg, Einat; Musicant, Oren

doi:10.1080/00140139.2024.2346552

Ergonomics

2024

DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2024.2346552

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The human-factors’ challenges of (tele)drivers of Autonomous Vehicles

Anat Meir,

Einat Grimberg,

Oren Musicant

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

References 144 publications

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The Role of Audio Feedback and Gamification Elements for Remote Boom Operation

Burova,

Mäkelä,

Keskinen

et al. 2024

MTI

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Remote operations have been greatly enhanced by advancements in technology, enabling remote control of machinery in hazardous environments. However, it is still a challenge to design remote control interfaces and provide feedback in a way that would enhance situational awareness without negatively affecting cognitive load. This study investigates how different audio feedback designs can support remote boom operation and, additionally, explores the potential impact of gamification elements on operator performance and motivation. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, this study was conducted remotely with 16 participants using a simulated environment featuring a virtual excavator. Participants performed digging tasks using two audio feedback designs: frequency-modulated beeping and realistic spatialized steam sounds. The findings indicate that both audio designs are beneficial for remote boom operations: the beeping sound was perceived as more comfortable and efficient in determining the proximity of a hidden object and helped in avoiding collisions, whereas spatial sounds enhanced the sense of presence. Therefore, we suggest combining both audio designs for optimal performance and emphasize the importance of customizable feedback in remote operations. This study also revealed that gamification elements could both positively and negatively affect performance and motivation, highlighting the need for careful design tailored to specific task requirements.

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The Role of Audio Feedback and Gamification Elements for Remote Boom Operation

Burova,

Mäkelä,

Keskinen

et al. 2024

MTI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Safety, Efficiency, and Mental Workload in Simulated Teledriving of a Vehicle as Functions of Camera Viewpoint

Musicant,

Botzer,

Richmond-Hacham

2024

Sensors

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Teleoperation services are expected to operate on-road and often in urban areas. In current teleoperation applications, teleoperators gain a higher viewpoint of the environment from a camera on the vehicle’s roof. However, it is unclear how this viewpoint compares to a conventional viewpoint in terms of safety, efficiency, and mental workload. In the current study, teleoperators (n = 148) performed driving tasks in a simulated urban environment with a conventional viewpoint (i.e., the simulated camera was positioned inside the vehicle at the height of a driver’s eyes) and a higher viewpoint (the simulated camera was positioned on the vehicle roof). The tasks required negotiating road geometry and other road users. At the end of the session, participants completed the NASA-TLX questionnaire. Results showed that participants completed most tasks faster with the higher viewpoint and reported lower frustration and mental demand. The camera position did not affect collision rates nor the probability of hard braking and steering events. We conclude that a viewpoint from the vehicle roof may improve teleoperation efficiency without compromising driving safety, while also lowering the teleoperators’ mental workload.

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The human-factors’ challenges of (tele)drivers of Autonomous Vehicles

Cited by 2 publications

References 144 publications

The Role of Audio Feedback and Gamification Elements for Remote Boom Operation

The Role of Audio Feedback and Gamification Elements for Remote Boom Operation

Safety, Efficiency, and Mental Workload in Simulated Teledriving of a Vehicle as Functions of Camera Viewpoint

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