The Human Gut Microbiome’s Influence on Arsenic Toxicity

Coryell, Michael; Roggenbeck, Barbara A.; Walk, Seth T.

doi:10.1007/s40495-019-00206-4

Cited by 37 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 131 publications

(144 reference statements)

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“…The effect of direct arsenic exposure on gut microbiome was studied before. [ 61 ] In six week old infants, 8 genera from Firmicutes phylum and 15 genera from other phyla were positively or negatively correlated with urinary arsenic levels. [ 62 ] Arsenic treatment also changed the taxonomic profile of the microbiome in murine models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter‐ and Transgenerational Effects of Paternal Exposure to Inorganic Arsenic

Gong

Xue

et al. 2021

Advanced Science

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The rise of metabolic disorders in modern times is mainly attributed to the environment. However, heritable effects of environmental chemicals on mammalian offsprings' metabolic health are unclear. Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is the top chemical on the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry priority list of hazardous substances. Here, we assess cross‐generational effects of iAs in an exclusive male‐lineage transmission paradigm. The exposure of male mice to 250 ppb iAs causes glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance in F1 females, but not males, without affecting body weight. Hepatic expression of glucose metabolic genes, glucose output, and insulin signaling are disrupted in F1 females. Inhibition of the glucose 6‐phosphatase complex masks the intergenerational effect of iAs, demonstrating a causative role of hepatic glucose production. F2 offspring from grandpaternal iAs exposure show temporary growth retardation at an early age, which diminishes in adults. However, reduced adiposity persists into middle age and is associated with altered gut microbiome and increased brown adipose thermogenesis. In contrast, F3 offspring of the male‐lineage iAs exposure show increased adiposity, especially on a high‐calorie diet. These findings have unveiled sex‐ and generation‐specific heritable effects of iAs on metabolic physiology, which has broad implications in understanding gene‐environment interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter‐ and Transgenerational Effects of Paternal Exposure to Inorganic Arsenic

Gong

Xue

et al. 2021

Advanced Science

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“…The ENS is innervated with extrinsic ANS (parasympathetic and sympathetic systems) [ 110 ]. The alteration of microbial communities at the gut epithelial barrier modulate both inflammatory responses and metabolic pathways [ 111 , 112 ].…”

Section: Microbiome–gut–brain Communication In Health and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Parkinson’s Disease and the Metal–Microbiome–Gut–Brain Axis: A Systems Toxicology Approach

et al. 2021

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Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, leading to motor and non-motor complications. Autonomic alterations, including gastrointestinal symptoms, precede motor defects and act as early warning signs. Chronic exposure to dietary, environmental heavy metals impacts the gastrointestinal system and host-associated microbiome, eventually affecting the central nervous system. The correlation between dysbiosis and PD suggests a functional and bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. The bioaccumulation of metals promotes stress mechanisms by increasing reactive oxygen species, likely altering the bidirectional gut–brain link. To better understand the differing molecular mechanisms underlying PD, integrative modeling approaches are necessary to connect multifactorial perturbations in this heterogeneous disorder. By exploring the effects of gut microbiota modulation on dietary heavy metal exposure in relation to PD onset, the modification of the host-associated microbiome to mitigate neurological stress may be a future treatment option against neurodegeneration through bioremediation. The progressive movement towards a systems toxicology framework for precision medicine can uncover molecular mechanisms underlying PD onset such as metal regulation and microbial community interactions by developing predictive models to better understand PD etiology to identify options for novel treatments and beyond. Several methodologies recently addressed the complexity of this interaction from different perspectives; however, to date, a comprehensive review of these approaches is still lacking. Therefore, our main aim through this manuscript is to fill this gap in the scientific literature by reviewing recently published papers to address the surrounding questions regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms between metals, microbiota, and the gut–brain-axis, as well as the regulation of this system to prevent neurodegeneration.

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“…7 Report showed that the human gut microbiome may biochemically change the arsenic compounds, and several arsenical transformations by bacteria may lead to arsenic toxicity to the host. 8 Arsenic exposure is common through arsenic contaminated water and food, leading to disturbance in gut microbial activities. Microbiome composition and diversity in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) vary, with individuals playing an essential role in determining the initial fate, mobility and relative toxicity of arsenic, whether inhaled or ingested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiome and Health Assessment Due To Arsenic Toxicity: A Review

Jain

et al. 2022

Int J Life Sci Pharm Res

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Arsenic is considered as a class 1 carcinogen and first among toxicants ranked by the Environmental Protection Agency. Arsenic toxicity includes deleterious effect on gut microbiota, gastrointestinal disorder, immunological disturbances, disrupting metabolism and compromising the host health. Over 103–104 microorganisms with possibly 500 to 1,000 different species inhabit within the gut with 150 times more genes than the human genome. They help to digest food and play an essential role in our well- being. Gut microbiota affects our whole metabolism as well as the immune system of the host. Arsenic induced toxicity is a major health challenge leading to many neurological and immunological problems and inhibits the growth of many bacterial species common in the gastrointestinal tract. The Gut microbiome carries multiple functions that are beneficial to the hosts. Arsenic exposure will be a critical concern for human health. Human gut microbiomes may be biochemically responsible for arsenic metabolism, change in the arsenic compounds and several arsenical transformations that may lead to arsenic toxicity. Arsenic metabolism occurs in the liver by arsenic methyltransferase (AS3MT) which methylates it into the inorganic arsenic, and ultimately eliminated through urine. Recent studies showed that biotransformation of gut microbiome causes alteration of microbiome morphology and physiology that may alter the ArsBC gene activity due to arsenic toxicity. We aimed at summarising that arsenic induced perturbed gut microbiome communities that trigger systemic responses in diverse organs. Due to gut microbiota perturbation, changes in gut permeability and metabolism have been identified, and there is a shift in the population of gut bacterial species having arsenic resistant genes that result in disturbance of host metabolic homeostasis. Here we review known aspects of arsenic gut microbes' interaction, this will help to understand about arsenic toxicity with the gut microbiome and their deleterious effects.

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The Human Gut Microbiome’s Influence on Arsenic Toxicity

Cited by 37 publications

References 131 publications

Inter‐ and Transgenerational Effects of Paternal Exposure to Inorganic Arsenic

Inter‐ and Transgenerational Effects of Paternal Exposure to Inorganic Arsenic

Parkinson’s Disease and the Metal–Microbiome–Gut–Brain Axis: A Systems Toxicology Approach

Gut Microbiome and Health Assessment Due To Arsenic Toxicity: A Review

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