The human impact imprint on modern pollen spectra of the Maya lands

Franco-Gaviria, Felipe; Caballero‐Rodríguez, Dayenari; Correa‐Metrio, Alexander; Pérez, Liseth; Schwalb, Antje; Cohuo, Sergio; Macario-González, Laura

doi:10.18268/bsgm2018v70n1a4

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…it takes time for taxa to migrate or reach maturity (Correa-Metrio et al, 2014a). Pollen grains are used to explore the influence of temperature, rainfall, and humans on past vegetation (Correa-Metrio et al, 2014a;Franco-Gaviria et al, 2018). Inferences about the magnitude and velocity of past vegetation change, however, are complicated mostly by differences of pollination mechanisms (aerophilous vs. zoophilous), which result in different pollen production rates and dispersal capabilities (Leyden, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollen is one of the most studied terrestrial bioindicators in paleoenvironmental research and can be used to track the response of terrestrial vegetation to past climate and environmental changes, although shifts in pollen rain may lag those changes if, for instance, it takes time for taxa to migrate or reach maturity (Correa-Metrio et al, 2014a). Pollen grains are used to explore the influence of temperature, rainfall, and humans on past vegetation (Correa-Metrio et al, 2014a; Franco-Gaviria et al, 2018). Inferences about the magnitude and velocity of past vegetation change, however, are complicated mostly by differences of pollination mechanisms (aerophilous vs. zoophilous), which result in different pollen production rates and dispersal capabilities (Leyden, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological turnover in neotropical freshwater and terrestrial communities during episodes of abrupt climate change

et al. 2021

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The last 85,000 years were characterized by high climate and environmental variability on the Yucatán Peninsula. Heinrich stadials are examples of abrupt climate transitions that involved shifts in regional temperatures and moisture availability. Thus, they serve as natural experiments to evaluate the contrasting responses of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. We used ostracodes and pollen preserved in a 75.9-m-long sediment core (PI-6, ~85 ka) recovered from Lake Petén Itzá, Guatemala, to assess the magnitude and velocity of community responses. Ostracodes are sensitive to changes in water temperature and conductivity. Vegetation responds to shifts in temperature and the ratio of evaporation to precipitation. Ostracodes display larger and more rapid community changes than does vegetation. Heinrich Stadial 5-1 (HS5-1) was cold and dry and is associated with lower ostracode and vegetation species richness and diversity. In contrast, the slightly warmer and dry conditions during HS6 and HS5a are reflected in higher ostracode species richness and diversity. Our paleoecological study revealed the greatest ecological turnover for ostracodes occurred from 62.5 to 51.0 ka; for pollen, it was at the Pleistocene/Holocene transition. Future studies should use various climate and environmental indicators from lake and marine sediment records to further explore late glacial paleoclimate causes and effects in the northern neotropics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological turnover in neotropical freshwater and terrestrial communities during episodes of abrupt climate change

et al. 2021

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“…During the last 50 years, anthropogenic influences on limnological conditions of aquatic environments have altered biodiversity and species distributions because of the modification of natural conditions (Albert and Reis, 2011;Wehrtmann et al, 2016;Franco-Gaviria et al, 2018). Currently, most aquatic environments in the northern Neotropics are used as potable water sources and for agriculture; in large lakes, fishing and aquaculture have caused eutrophication and introduced invasive species (e.g., Oreochromis niloticus).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geodiversity influences limnological conditions and freshwater ostracode species distributions across broad spatial scales in the northern Neotropics

Macario-González

Cohuo

Hoelzmann³

et al. 2022

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Geodiversity is recognized as one of the most important drivers of ecosystem characteristics and biodiversity globally. However, in the northern Neotropics, the contribution of highly diverse landscapes, environmental conditions, and geological history in structuring large-scale patterns of aquatic environments and aquatic species associations remains poorly understood. We evaluated the relationships among geodiversity, limnological conditions, and freshwater ostracodes from southern Mexico to Nicaragua. A cluster analysis (CA), based on geological, geochemical, mineralogical, and water-column physical and chemical characteristics of 76 aquatic ecosystems (karst, volcanic, tectonic) revealed two main limnological regions: (1) karst plateaus of the Yucatán Peninsula and northern Guatemala, and (2) volcanic terrains of the Guatemalan highlands, mid-elevation sites in El Salvador and Honduras, and the Nicaraguan lowlands. In addition, seven subregions were recognized, demonstrating a high heterogeneity of aquatic environments. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified water chemistry (ionic composition) and mineralogy as most influential for aquatic ecosystem classification. Multi-parametric analyses, based on biological data, revealed that ostracode species associations represent disjunct faunas. Five species associations, distributed according to limnological regions, were recognized. Structural equation modeling (SEM) revealed that geodiversity explains limnological patterns of the study area. Limnology further explained species composition, but not species richness. The influence of conductivity and elevation were individually evaluated in SEM and were statistically significant for ostracode species composition, though not for species richness. We conclude that geodiversity has a central influence on the limnological conditions of aquatic systems, which in turn influence ostracode species composition in lakes of the northern Neotropical region.

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“…Furthermore, this period is characterized by major environmental transformations caused by human activities such as deforestation and intensified agriculture, including widespread pasture and croplands. Consequences of these anthropogenic changes are loss of biodiversity, enhanced surface erosion and a higher influx of nutrients into fresh surface waters, resulting in a widespread deterioration of fresh water quality (Franco-Gaviria et al, 2018a; Franco-Gaviria et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imprints of the Little Ice Age and the severe earthquake of AD 2001 on the aquatic ecosystem of a tropical maar lake in El Salvador

et al. 2022

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Using a 530-year sediment record from the maar Lake Apastepeque, El Salvador, and based on diverse geochemical and biological (cladocerans, chironomids, diatoms, ostracods, testate amoebae) indicators, we estimated climatic and environmental alterations during the Little Ice Age (LIA) and reconstructed the recent history of the lake. Results demonstrate relatively humid conditions in the mid-elevations (500 m a.s.l.) of El Salvador during most parts of the LIA, resulting in high lake levels. Contrarily, the first part of the LIA was characterized by drier climates comparable to studies from Mexico and Belize, which correlated this phase with the Spörer minimum. Regional comparison with palaeorecords from the northern Neotropics reveals a high heterogeneity in local expressions of the LIA in Central America, likely connected to the high topographic heterogeneity of the region. Since the beginning of the 20th century, Lake Apastepeque has experienced enhanced human impact expressed as increased nutrient supply. The most recent period was characterized by significant environmental disturbance, which we relate to an upper-crustal earthquake, one of the strongest over the last 500 years, that affected the region on 13th February 2001 (Mw = 6.6, epicentre at 10 km depth, 30 km from the lake). The release of toxic bottom components such as hydrogen sulphide and high turbidity and turbulence of water caused major species turnover in the lake ecosystem, resulting in a massive fish kill and colonization by large cladocerans. Modern sediments still show slightly altered biota communities compared to pre-earthquake assemblages, indicating that the ecosystem has still not fully recovered.

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The human impact imprint on modern pollen spectra of the Maya lands

Abstract: The human impact imprint on modern pollen spectra of the Maya lands The human impact imprint on modern pollen spectra of the Maya lands

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Ecological turnover in neotropical freshwater and terrestrial communities during episodes of abrupt climate change

Ecological turnover in neotropical freshwater and terrestrial communities during episodes of abrupt climate change

Geodiversity influences limnological conditions and freshwater ostracode species distributions across broad spatial scales in the northern Neotropics

Imprints of the Little Ice Age and the severe earthquake of AD 2001 on the aquatic ecosystem of a tropical maar lake in El Salvador

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