Social media and their effects on society have come under increased scrutiny and have merited increasingly divergent evaluations. They are usually seen either as natural promoters of emancipation and democracy or as tools for manipulation, oppression, and disempowerment. This introductory article seeks to develop a balanced account of social media and their effects, and presents a case for rethinking the architecture of today's environment of information. It then concludes with an overview of the articles in this special issue.