The human penis as a semen displacement device

Gallup, Gordon G.; Burch, Rebecca L.; Zappieri, Mary L.; Parvez, Rizwan A.; Stockwell, Malinda L.; Davis, Jennifer

doi:10.1016/s1090-5138(03)00016-3

Cited by 139 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Those questioning the application of sperm competition to humans (e.g., Birkhead, 2000;Dixson, 1998;Gomendio, Harcourt, & Roldán, 1998) contend that sperm competition in humans, although possible, may not be as intense as in other species with adaptations to sperm competition. Recent work on the psychological, behavioral, and anatomical evidence of human sperm competition (e.g., Gallup et al, 2003;Goetz et al, 2004;Pound, 2002;Shackelford et al, 2002), however, was not considered in these previous critiques of human sperm competition. When considering all of the evidence of adaptations to sperm competition in men and in women, including the current research, it is reasonable to conclude that sperm competition may have been a recurrent and selectively important feature of human evolutionary history.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Sexual Psychology Produce Sex-Similar Preferences for a Short-Term Mate

et al. 2004

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We explored aspects of men's and women's short-term sexual psychology as a function of a potential short-term partner's relationship status. A total of 209 men and 288 women reported how likely they would be to pursue a casual sexual relationship with an attractive member of the opposite sex who was (1) married, (2) not married but has casual sexual partners, or (3) not married and has no casual sexual partners. Guided by sperm competition theory, we predicted and found that men prefer short-term sex partners who are not already involved in relationships and hence present a relatively low risk of sperm competition. Because women sometimes use short-term sexual relationships to acquire long-term partners, we predicted and found that women prefer short-term sexual partners who are not already involved in relationships and hence present relatively greater promise as a potential long-term partner. Finally, across each of the three levels of the imagined partner's relationship status, men reported a greater likelihood than did women of pursuing a casual sexual relationship. Discussion addressed methodological limitations and directions for future work.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Sexual Psychology Produce Sex-Similar Preferences for a Short-Term Mate

et al. 2004

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“…Psychological, behavioral, physiological, anatomical, and genetic evidence reveals that ancestral women sometimes mated with multiple men within sufficiently short time periods so that sperm from two or more males simultaneously occupied the reproductive tract of one woman (Baker and Bellis 1993;Gallup et al 2003;Kilgallon and Simmons 2005;Pound 2002;Shackelford et al 2002Shackelford et al , 2004Shackelford, Pound, and Goetz 2005;Smith 1984;Wyckoff, Wang, and Wu 2000). This adaptive problem led to the evolution of adaptive solutions to sperm competition.…”

Section: Forced In-pair Copulation In Nonhuman Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual coercion and forced in-pair copulation as sperm competition tactics in humans

Goetz

Shackelford

2006

Hum Nat

131

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Rape of women by men might be generated either by a specialized rape adaptation or as a by-product of other psychological adaptations. Although increasing number of sexual partners is a proposed benefit of rape according to the "rape as an adaptation" and the "rape as a by-product" hypotheses, neither hypothesis addresses directly why some men rape their long-term partners, to whom they already have sexual access. In two studies we tested specific hypotheses derived from the general hypothesis that sexual coercion in the context of an intimate relationship may function as a sperm competition tactic. We hypothesized that men's sexual coercion in the context of an intimate relationship is related positively to his partner's perceived infidelities and that men's sexual coercion is related positively to their mate retention behaviors (behaviors designed to prevent a partner's infidelity). The results from Study 1 (self-reports from 246 men) and Study 2 (partner-reports from 276 women) supported the hypotheses. The Discussion section addresses limitations of this research and highlights future directions for research on sexual coercion in intimate relationships.

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“…Suggested indications of postcopulatory strategies relate to scrambling or displacing rival semen (Pound et al 2006) or using within-pair sexual coercion when facing the risk of cuckoldry (Goetz & Shackelford 2006, Camilleri 2009). These interpretations are supported by findings on variations in sperm volume (Baker & Bellis 1993), penis structure and usage (Gallup et al 2003) and male interest in visual cues of sperm competition (Pound 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Do Female Sex Fantasies Reflect Adaptations for Sperm Competition?

Nummi

Pellikka

2012

Annales Zoologici Fennici

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Researchers have suggested that female strategies for sexual selection in humans include the promotion of sperm competition. Sperm competition entails the simultaneous presence of fertile sperm from at least two males in the female's reproductive organ competing for the opportunity to fertilise the ovum. Certain behaviour patterns near ovulation may enable such competition. In this paper, we describe relative preferences for female sexual fantasy types and explore the idea that these preferences may help us understand the settings and mechanisms that promote sperm competition, and discourage interfemale competition. To expand this exploration, we also examine whether preferences vary with respect to the menstrual cycle. Our preliminary findings indicate notable preferences among females for multiple male-partner fantasies over multiple female-partner fantasies or fantasies that include multiple male and female partners. This suggests that females find multipartner settings as arousing as males do, but the psychological mechanism relating to settings that include the presence of same sex competitors may differ from that of males. We also discovered some indications that the female preference for promoting sperm competition and avoiding interfemale competition is the highest and strongest near ovulation.

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The human penis as a semen displacement device

Cited by 139 publications

References 13 publications

Sex Differences in Sexual Psychology Produce Sex-Similar Preferences for a Short-Term Mate

Sex Differences in Sexual Psychology Produce Sex-Similar Preferences for a Short-Term Mate

Sexual coercion and forced in-pair copulation as sperm competition tactics in humans

Do Female Sex Fantasies Reflect Adaptations for Sperm Competition?

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