The Hummingbird-2 Lightweight Authenticated Encryption Algorithm

Engels, Daniel W.; Saarinen, Markku–Juhani O.; Schweitzer, Peter; Smith, Eric M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-25286-0_2

Cited by 129 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We generate the Y mask by using a light-weight symmetric authenticated encryption algorithm such as Hummingbird-2 [16]. Its unique random 128-bit symmetric session key is stored in the block X.…”

Section: Encoding Payload In the Randomization Maskmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The BlueJay Ultra-Lightweight Hybrid Cryptosystem

Saarinen

2012

2012 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops

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Abstract-We report on the development of BlueJay, a hybrid Rabin-based public key encryption cryptosystem that is suitable for ultra-lightweight (total 2000-3000 GE) platforms such as microsensors and RFID authentication tags. The design is related to authors' Passerine and the Oren-Feldhofer WIPR proposals, but is suitable to a wider array of applications. The encryption mechanism is significantly faster and the implementation more lightweight than RSA (even with public exponent 3) and ECC with the same security level. Hardware implementations of the asymmetric encryption component of the hybrid cryptosystem require less than a thousand gate equivalents in addition to the memory storage required for the payload and public key data. An inexpensive, milliscale MCU SoC BlueJay implementation is reported and compared to RSA-AES on the same platform. The private key operation (not performed by the light-weight device but by the sensor network base station or a data acquisition reader) has roughly the same complexity as the RSA private key operation.

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Section: Encoding Payload In the Randomization Maskmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since Hummingbird-2 requires only 2159 Gate Equivalents (GE) [16] (and can be as small as 1200 for encryption only), the total hardware size required to implement BlueJay is under 3000 GE, in addition to the memory used to store payload and public key information.…”

Section: The Bluejay Hybrid Cryptosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The BlueJay Ultra-Lightweight Hybrid Cryptosystem

Saarinen

2012

2012 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy Workshops

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“…While ALE [8] has been recently proposed to address the issue of more lightweight authenticated encryption across various platforms, it is based on the AES round operation and the AES-128 key schedule that per se confines its lightweight properties in hardware, though facilitating a high performance in parallel software implementations, especially with the Intel AES instruction set. At the same time, Grain-128a [1] and Hummingbird-2 [17] are among the very small number of truly dedicated designs aimed at attaining the traditional lightweight design goals such as low area and low power, yielding estimated area requirements of 2770 GE and 2159 GE, respectively. Though Hummingbird-2 has been recently broken in the related-key model [29], Grain-128a remains unaffected so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fides: Lightweight Authenticated Cipher with Side-Channel Resistance for Constrained Hardware

Bilgin

Bogdanov

Knežević

et al. 2013

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. In this paper, we present a novel lightweight authenticated cipher optimized for hardware implementations called Fides. It is an online nonce-based authenticated encryption scheme with authenticated data whose area requirements are as low as 793 GE and 1001 GE for 80-bit and 96-bit security, respectively. This is at least two times smaller than its closest competitors Hummingbird-2 and Grain-128a. While being extremely compact, Fides is both throughput and latency efficient, even in its most serial implementations. This is attained by our novel sponge-like design approach. Moreover, cryptographically optimal 5-bit and 6-bit S-boxes are used as basic nonlinear components while paying a special attention on the simplicity of providing first order side-channel resistance with threshold implementation.

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“…RFID technology has been used in many aspects of life, such as access control, parking management, identification, goods tracking etc. The lightweight block ciphers evaluated against the cube attack include the KATAN family [29], NOEKEON [30], PRESENT [31] and Hummingbird-2 [32] in [33,34,35,36,37,38]. Mroczkowski and Szmidt have attacked the Courtois Toy Cipher CTC, designed by Courtois [39] against the cube attack [40,41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Security of LBlock against the Cube Attack and Side Channel Cube Attack

Islam

Afzal

Rashdi

2013

Security Engineering and Intelligence Informatics

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Abstract. In this research, a recently proposed lightweight block cipher LBlock, not tested against the cube attack has been analyzed. 7, 8 and 9 round LBlock have been successfully attacked with complexities of O(2 10.76 ), O(2 11.11 ) and O(2 47.00 ) respectively. For the case of side channel cube attack, full version of LBlock has been attacked using a single bit leakage model with the complexity of O(2 55.00 ) cipher evaluations. For this purpose, a generic practical platform has been developed to test various stream and block ciphers against the latest cube attack.

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The Hummingbird-2 Lightweight Authenticated Encryption Algorithm

Cited by 129 publications

References 14 publications

The BlueJay Ultra-Lightweight Hybrid Cryptosystem

The BlueJay Ultra-Lightweight Hybrid Cryptosystem

Fides: Lightweight Authenticated Cipher with Side-Channel Resistance for Constrained Hardware

On the Security of LBlock against the Cube Attack and Side Channel Cube Attack

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