The hydrodynamic effects of single-phase flow on flow accelerated corrosion in a 90-degree elbow

Numerical Modeling of Flow and Mass Transfer Effect on Flow-Accelerated Corrosion in Consecutive Elbows

“…The flow and mass transfer calculation for a single elbow was also included as a reference case. The commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, ANSYS FLUENT ® , was used to simulate the flow and mass transfer for all the piping configurations and the results were compared with the experimental results in [3] and [6][7][8][9][10].…”

“…The dissolution of gypsum (also called "plaster of Paris") method was used in experimental work [3,[6][7][8][9][10] to measure the mass flux of gypsum into water (summarized below). This dissolution mechanism is analogous to the dissolution of magnetite corrosion film, and simulates the mass transfer environment leading to FAC in NPPs [1].…”

“…This complex flow pattern significantly affects the local shear stress and mass transfer distribution at the pipe wall. FAC in a single elbow has been studied previously [2,3]; however, there are limited data available for FAC in 2 consecutive elbows [4,5]. Experiments have been conducted recently at McMaster University [6][7][8][9][10], using the dissolution technique, to quantify wall thinning rates under single-phase flow conditions for 3 arrangements of 2 consecutive elbows, as shown in Figure 1: (i) in-plane S-configuration; (ii) in-plane C-configuration; and (iii) outof-plane configuration.…”

Flow Accelerated Corrosion in Nuclear Power Plants

“…where cw is the species concentration along the wall (obtained from hydrocal properties table), cb is the species concentration in the bulk flow beyond the diffusive boundary layer, n is the normal vector to the wall surface and DSL is the diffusive coefficient of the solid species, which is calculated by using Wilkie's semi-empirical relationship, [26]: …”

Flow-Assisted Corrosion in Coal Seam Gas Infrastructure

“…The FAC process can occur in both one phase (liquid) and multiphase (steam and water) piping systems (Hales, Stevens, Daniel, Zamanzadeh, & Owens, 2002). There have been studies of FAC in two-phase flow in 180 bends (Keating & Nesic, 1999) as well as single-phase flow conditions (El-Gammal et al, 2010). These studies concluded that flow velocity was the most essential parameter necessary for FAC.…”