The hydrological legacy of deforestation on global wetlands

Woodward, Craig; Shulmeister, James; Larsen, Joshua; Jacobsen, Geraldine; Zawadzki, Atun

doi:10.1126/science.1260510

Cited by 115 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…At finer scale, the variability of wetland extent has also been affected by land-use change (e.g., wetland restoration, deforestation, drainage for forestry, agriculture, or peat mining) and consequently influences spatiotemporal patterns of CH 4 emission (Petrescu et al, 2015;Zona et al, 2009). Land-use change may therefore add feedback water available to wetlands through altering water balance between land surface and atmosphere (Woodward et al, 2014). An implementation of human impacts within LSMs at large scale may be important for accurate estimation of interannual variations of wetlands.…”

Section: Implementing Human Impact Within Wetland Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling spatiotemporal dynamics of global wetlands: comprehensive evaluation of a new sub-grid TOPMODEL parameterization and uncertainties

et al. 2016

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Abstract.Simulations of the spatiotemporal dynamics of wetlands are key to understanding the role of wetland biogeochemistry under past and future climate. Hydrologic inundation models, such as the TOPography-based hydrological model (TOPMODEL), are based on a fundamental parameter known as the compound topographic index (CTI) and offer a computationally cost-efficient approach to simulate wetland dynamics at global scales. However, there remains a large discrepancy in the implementations of TOPMODEL in landsurface models (LSMs) and thus their performance against observations. This study describes new improvements to TOPMODEL implementation and estimates of global wetland dynamics using the LPJ-wsl (Lund-Potsdam-Jena Wald Schnee und Landschaft version) Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) and quantifies uncertainties by comparing three digital elevation model (DEM) products (HYDRO1k, GMTED, and HydroSHEDS) at different spatial resolution and accuracy on simulated inundation dynamics. In addition, we found that calibrating TOPMODEL with a benchmark wetland data set can help to successfully delineate the seasonal and interannual variation of wetlands, as well as improve the spatial distribution of wetlands to be consistent with inventories. The HydroSHEDS DEM, using a riverbasin scheme for aggregating the CTI, shows the best accuracy for capturing the spatiotemporal dynamics of wetlands among the three DEM products. The estimate of global wetland potential/maximum is ∼ 10.3 Mkm 2 (10 6 km 2 ), with a mean annual maximum of ∼ 5.17 Mkm 2 for 1980-2010. When integrated with wetland methane emission submodule, the uncertainty of global annual CH 4 emissions from topography inputs is estimated to be 29.0 Tg yr −1 . This study demonstrates the feasibility of TOPMODEL to capture spatial heterogeneity of inundation at a large scale and highlights the significance of correcting maximum wetland extent to improve modeling of interannual variations in wetland area. It additionally highlights the importance of an adequate investigation of topographic indices for simulating global wetlands and shows the opportunity to converge wetland estimates across LSMs by identifying the uncertainty associated with existing wetland products.

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Section: Implementing Human Impact Within Wetland Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling spatiotemporal dynamics of global wetlands: comprehensive evaluation of a new sub-grid TOPMODEL parameterization and uncertainties

et al. 2016

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“…Potential evapotranspiration (PET) is used as a climate index combining air temperature, net radiation and wind speed (Liu and McVicar, 2012). PET is widely used to partition precipitation into runoff and evapotranspiration under worldwide climate change, including the Loess Plateau (Woodward et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2015;Liang et al, 2015). In this study, monthly PET was estimated using the Penman method (Penman, 1948), then accumulated to give annual totals.…”

Section: Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of climatic and anthropogenic stresses on long-term runoff reduction from the Loess Plateau, China

Feng

Cheng

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Human intervention has strongly altered patterns of river runoff. Yet, few studies have addressed the complexity and nonlinearity of the anthropogenic stresses on runoff or their interaction with climate. We study the Loess Plateau in China, whose river runoff contributes 65% of the discharge to the middle reach of the Yellow River; this landscape has been shaped by human activity and is intensively managed. Our purpose is to characterize the interactive roles of climate and human activities in defining river runoff from the Loess Plateau. Applying a transient analysis to discover the time-varying runoff trend and impact factors, we found that the average runoff in the Loess Plateau decreased continuously during the period 1961-2009 (average rate of − 0.9 mm year −1 , P b 0.001). This long-term decrease in runoff mainly occurred in three stages, with transitions in 1970, 1981 and 1996. Reduced precipitation was the main reason for the decrease in runoff over the entire study period. However, human intervention played a dominant role in creating the transition points. Water yield (i.e., the ratio of runoff to precipitation) decreased following each anthropogenic transition, causing a 56% reduction in available freshwater resources during the period 1961-2009. These findings highlight the need for studies that address the dynamic and nonlinear processes controlling the availability of freshwater resources in the light of anthropogenic influences applied under a changing climate. Such studies are essential if we are to meet the human water demand in the Loess Plateau region.

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“…The bird richness has been improved by the change of landscapes due to a serious disturbance -the deadly 2002's forest fire. Accordingly, deforestation does not always have negative consequences, but can provide positive outcomes for biodiversity [33]. Hydrologic restoration had no negative effect to bird diversity, but enriches bird breeding of species Protonotaria citrea in the forested wetlands of Illinois, USA [34].…”

Section: Citationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, thousands of hectare of wetlands got lost and/or degraded [i.e. 50 % of conterminous wetlands of United States and Europe [9,10], recently hundred thousand ha of peat-wetland in Indonesia and Malaysia was converted into oil-palm lands [11][12][13][14], or paddy rice in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam [15][16][17]. On the other hand, many wetland areas around the world have been assigned as Ramsar's sites located in 150 countries with 1,674 wetland sites in total, covering 150 million ha [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

MOJES

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This paper conducts an original study to examine the restoration of an endemic tropical wetland for bird enrichment in the Mekong Delta. Recovery of swamp Melaleuca forest was a key driver provided an appropriately structural landscape and environment to enrich bird diversity in the study area. During the period 2003 -2013, bird enrichment was increased to 159 bird species after a forest fire, happened in 2002, in which 15 waterbird species with 17,366 individuals; and populations of three waterbirds under the Global and Regional Endangered Lists with hundreds of individuals in UMT National Park. The recovery of forest and richness of birds were likely two important indicators of the successful restoration of Melaleuca swamp ecosystem in the area. Thus, relationships of six variables, involving Melaleuca recovery, bird richness, conservation values, technical awareness, tourism services, and wildfire, were considerable drivers needed to be understood for improving a sustainable management of forested wetland ecosystems. The restore of swamp Melaleuca forest can contribute an important role for the East Asian-Australasian Flyway of birds.

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The hydrological legacy of deforestation on global wetlands

Cited by 115 publications

References 47 publications

Modeling spatiotemporal dynamics of global wetlands: comprehensive evaluation of a new sub-grid TOPMODEL parameterization and uncertainties

Modeling spatiotemporal dynamics of global wetlands: comprehensive evaluation of a new sub-grid TOPMODEL parameterization and uncertainties

The role of climatic and anthropogenic stresses on long-term runoff reduction from the Loess Plateau, China

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