The hygiene practices of three systems of game meat production in South Africa in terms of animal class and health compliance

Merwe, M. Van Der; Hoffman, Louwrens C.; Jooste, Piet J.; Calitz, F. J.

doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2013.01.011

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The main aim of this study was to further strengthen the conclusion of van der Merwe et al [2] and van der Merwe et al [7], that safe game meat is ensured by good hygiene practices and effective meat hygiene training. Results from van der Merwe et al [7] clearly indicated higher bacterial counts on game carcasses intended for the local market but not exceeding the legal standard and still within acceptable levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Poorly bled carcasses will have short shelf life, darker colour and higher bacterial counts than well bled carcasses [7].…”

Section: Specific Techniques or Methods Employedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results from van der Merwe et al [7] clearly indicated higher bacterial counts on game carcasses intended for the local market but not exceeding the legal standard and still within acceptable levels. The identification of the following inter alia independent variables (based on the standard as prescribed in the VPN) that can influence meat safety and quality (bacterial contamination) within the three systems were therefore conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Hygienic Practices Involved in Three Game Meat Production Systems in South Africa Based on Environmental and other Independent Variables

M¹,

Lc²,

Pj³

et al. 2014

J Veterinar Sci Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Independent variables based on EU standards were used to compare environmental and other differences between three hunting systems, in terms of safety and quality. System 1 (Sys1) supplied game animals intended for the export market, System 2 (Sys2) supplied game carcasses intended for the local market, but was subjected to the training and application of specific hygiene and safety guidelines and System 3 (Sys3) game carcasses intended for the local market, but not subjected to the application of any health and safety guidelines. Although the process of obtaining a game carcass cannot be compared to the process followed in beef slaughterhouses, the export market standard was used as criterion of compliance and due to a total lack of standards or control for the local game meat market. The identified variables are situational and are based on procedural, environmental and other parameters as specified in the South African Veterinary Procedural Notices (VPN) that are specific guidelines linked to a regulation and in compliance with standards from countries of import.The observations and tests conducted in the study showed a considerable difference in the independent variables tested for the three systems. It was however, concluded that Sys1 and Sys2 differed only with regards to the training component. It was concluded that the independent variables compared with these two systems questions the strict EU requirements and costly formal registered abattoirs when simplified and practical hygiene guidelines render carcasses with similar status. and the training of a game meat examiner to conduct meat inspection at the game abattoir.The VPN could be described as the most stringent part of the game meat hygiene legislation as it is based on EU standards and supports international management systems such as HACCP, ISO 9000 and ISO 14000. The VPN that were used for the independent variables described in the previous paragraph include inter alia: VPN/05/2008-09 i.e. the Standard for the registration or re-registration of a game farm for export purposes [3], VPN/08/2008-09 i.e. the Standard for the registration of hunters for harvesting wild game intended for export of game meat [4], VPN/09/2008-09 i.e. the Standard for the ante-and post-mortem meat inspection and hygiene at the point of harvest and hygiene control at point of game harvest and finally VPN/10/2008-09 i.e. the Standard for post-mortem meat inspection and hygiene control at game meat establishments [5]. Although a standard operating procedure (VPN/19/2009-01 i.e. the Standard relating to the National export residue control programme) is used by the export market as an assessment to determine which veterinary drugs with specified window periods and environmental chemicals or agricultural compounds must be singled out for surveillance in animal products, it is currently not Journal of Veterinary Science & TechnologyCitation: Van der Merwe M, Hoffman LC, Jooste PJ, Calitz FJ

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Poorly bled carcasses will have short shelf life, darker colour and higher bacterial counts than well bled carcasses [7].…”

Section: Specific Techniques or Methods Employedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Hygienic Practices Involved in Three Game Meat Production Systems in South Africa Based on Environmental and other Independent Variables

M¹,

Lc²,

Pj³

et al. 2014

J Veterinar Sci Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… The operator must ensure that edible parts of a carcass comply with objective functional hygiene demands, e.g., criteria for microbiological and visual contamination. Van der Merwe, Hoffman, Jooste, and Calitz (2013 ( Brown et al, 2000 ) Animal Products Notice Specifications for Products Intended for Human Consumption August 14, 2020 18.12 (3) The operator must ensure, for farmed mammals and live possums, opening cuts and the process of hide and pelt removal and disposal is carried out in a manner that manages the contamination of the carcass from the hide or pelt. Hide roll back, as applicable, must be managed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meat safety legislation and its opportunities and hurdles for innovative approaches: A review

Nagel-Alne

Murphy²,

McCauslin³

et al. 2022

Food Control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Based on a literature search [ 5 , 7 , 8 , 15 ], higher BW may result in a higher IML. For example, carcass handling of heavier individuals may impair proper hygienic handling and could result in higher bacterial counts [ 32 ]. This could be improved, for instance, by having a second person to assist with the handling of heavier carcasses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cause and Effect Analysis between Influencing Factors Related to Environmental Conditions, Hunting and Handling Practices and the Initial Microbial Load of Game Carcasses

Korkmaz

Maaz

Reich

et al. 2022

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental, hunting and handling factors affect the microbial load of hunted game and the resulting meat products. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the influence of several factors on the initial microbial load (IML) of game carcasses during the early hunting chain. Eviscerated roe deer body cavities (n = 24) were investigated in terms of total viable count and the levels of Pseudomonas spp., Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Furthermore, a risk analysis based on the obtained original IML data, literature search and a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) was performed. The IML could be explained in a regression model by factors including the higher body weight (BW), damaged gastrointestinal tract by the shot, ambient temperature or rain. The levels of Lactobacillus spp. (p = 0.0472), Enterobacteriaceae (p = 0.0070) and E. coli (p = 0.0015) were lower on the belly flap surface when gloves were used during evisceration. The literature search revealed that studies examining influencing factors (IF) on the IML of game carcasses found contradictory effects of the comparable IF on IML. Potential handling failures may lead to a higher IML of game carcasses during the early hunting chain ranked by FMEA. Several handling practices for game carcasses are recommended, such as ensuring efficient cooling of heavier BW carcasses to limit bacterial growth or eviscerating heavier carcasses before lighter ones.

show abstract

The hygiene practices of three systems of game meat production in South Africa in terms of animal class and health compliance

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

The Hygienic Practices Involved in Three Game Meat Production Systems in South Africa Based on Environmental and other Independent Variables

The Hygienic Practices Involved in Three Game Meat Production Systems in South Africa Based on Environmental and other Independent Variables

Meat safety legislation and its opportunities and hurdles for innovative approaches: A review

Cause and Effect Analysis between Influencing Factors Related to Environmental Conditions, Hunting and Handling Practices and the Initial Microbial Load of Game Carcasses

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About