The hypo-osmotic swelling test in recurrent miscarriage

Sperm Dna Integrity: Correlation With Sperm Plasma Membrane Integrity In Semen Evaluated For Male Infertility

“…Some authors use HOST scores of >50% as normal [16,53] and some >60% [7,8]. In our study, changing the ''normal value'' to >50% or >60% still yielded a significant correlation between the two groups in terms of DFI (unpublished data).…”

“…Abnormal HOST also suggested that some qualitative defect in embryos may result from defective sperm membranes, resulting in morphologically normal appearance but physiologically defective embryos [36]. Several studies have indicated that low HOST scores may cause implantation disorders and are associated with higher rates of miscarriage [7,8,13,14,16,53]. The mechanisms that cause poor implantation are unclear; however, it was speculated that a toxic factor may be transferred to the oocyte by the supernumerary sperm attached to the zona pellucida [15].…”

“…This test has been reported to correlate with sperm fertilizing potential [16,53,[58][59][60] as well as to poor implantation and high rates of spontaneous abortion [7,8,16,35,36,53].…”

Positive Association of Sperm Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss

“…Few researchers did not find any significant difference in the semen parameters like count, motility and morphology between recurrent spontaneous abortion and control group [17,18]. Buckett et al, [23] showed correlation with HOS test in recurrent miscarriage group and also showed the viability and quality of the sperm may have an impact on conception and miscarriage rates. Carrell et al, [24] reported decreased percentage of morphologically normal sperm in the recurrent pregnancy loss patients compared with both the general population, control group and the donors.…”

Effect of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) extracts and glutathione antioxidants on bull semen quality after cryopreservation

“…Swelling sperm and/or sperm with curled tails were recorded as having intact plasma membranes using a bright-field microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) under ×400 magnification. A total of 400 spermatozoa were measured on the four slides (Buckett et al, 1997).…”