The Hypoglycemic, Hypolipidemic, and Anti-Diabetic Nephritic Activities of Zeaxanthin in Diet-Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Sprague Dawley Rats

Abstract

Zeaxanthin (ZA), an important compound found in Lycium barbarum, shows various pharmacodynamic effects. In our present study, a high-fat, high-sucrose diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model was used to investigate the antidiabetic activities of ZA. After a 4-week administration of 200 and 400 mg/kg of ZA and 100 mg/kg of metformin hydrochloride, various blood biochemical indexes were detected. ZA strongly normalized the reduced bodyweight and enhanced fasting blood glucose in diabetic rats. The positive data obtained from the oral glucose tolerance test further confirmed its antidiabetic effects. ZA displayed significant hypolipidemic activities indicated by its modulation of serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. The antidiabetic nephropathy of ZA was confirmed by its regulation of pathological kidney structures, urine levels of n-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase and albuminuria, and serum levels of urea nitrogen. ZA inhibited the serum levels of inflammatory factors including interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nuclear factor kappa B, further confirming its renal protection. Moreover, the serum imbalances in superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde, and catalase were normalized by ZA, suggesting its antioxidant properties. Altogether, ZA produced hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic nephritic effects in a diet-STZ-induced diabetic rat model.

Carotenoids of Capsicum Fruits: Pigment Profile and Health-Promoting Functional Attributes

“…In addition, zeaxanthin at 400 mg/kg provided renal protective effects in diabetic rats, as indicated by significantly lowered blood urea nitrogen ( p < 0.05, 37.3%), urine levels of n-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase and albuminuria, and serum levels of inflammatory factors including TNF-α ( p < 0.05; 12%), IL-2, IL-6 and the consequent nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) ( p < 0.01; 26.5%, 33.3% and 26.2%, respectively). Histopathological observations of ameliorated glomerular hypertrophy and thickening of the glomerular basement membrane, confirmed the antinephropathic effects of zeaxanthin [84].…”

Pharmacoinformatics and UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-Based Phytochemical Screening of Combretum indicum against Oxidative Stress and Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Long–Evans Rats

“…The extract might have shown a beneficial effect on the islet of beta cells, as well as antioxidant activity through the high total phenolic and flavonoid contents of CILEx. Additionally, plant polyphenols exhibit antioxidant properties by donating hydrogen from their hydroxyl groups [ 42 ] and, thus, participate in the antioxidant activity. Previous reports revealed a positive correlation between the phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of C. sericeum and C. acutum [ 43 ].…”

Hypoglycemic effects and biochemical mechanisms of Pea oligopeptide on high‐fat diet and streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice

“…Treatment with Pea oligopeptide significantly improved the histological structure, and the kidney tissue of the DMBG + MPO and MPO groups exhibited near‐normal renal cortical tissue. In diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia lead to the release of multiple inflammatory factors, which are harmful to kidneys (Kou et al, ). Treatment with Pea oligopeptide, especially in the MPO group substantially improved the incidence of glomerular basement membrane thickening, indicating that Pea oligopeptide alleviated renal tissue damage and delayed the progression of renal deficiency.…”