The hypolipaemic action of a glycine rich diet in rats

Aust, L.; El-Habet, Abdel E.; Noack, R.

doi:10.1002/food.19800240710

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Although it remains to be assessed whether CNS glycine sensing can restore peripheral lipid homeostasis in alternative models of the metabolic syndrome, in light of our current findings and the fact that dietary glycine intake has been documented to lower plasma TG levels in rats, 42 these data together suggest that glycine, or a glycine analog, may have therapeutic benefits to lower plasma lipid levels in diabetes and obesity by triggering the CNS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Glycine Normalizes Hepatic Triglyceride-Rich VLDL Secretion by Triggering the CNS in High-Fat Fed Rats

Yue

Mighiu²,

Naples³

et al. 2012

Circulation Research

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Rationale: Dysregulation of hepatic triglyceride (TG)-rich very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL-TG) in obesityand type 2 diabetes contributes to the dyslipidemia that leads to cardiovascular morbidity. The central nervous system (CNS), particularly the hypothalamus, regulates hepatic lipid metabolism. Although the underlying neurocircuitry remains elusive, glycine has been documented to enhance CNS N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated transmission.Objective: We tested the hypothesis that glycine regulates hepatic VLDL-TG secretion by potentiating NMDA receptor-mediated transmission in the CNS. Methods and Results:Using 10-hour fasted male Sprague-Dawley rats implanted with stereotaxic cannulae into an extrahypothalamic region termed the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) and vascular catheters to enable direct DVC infusion and blood sampling, respectively, the rate of hepatic VLDL-TG secretion was measured following tyloxapol (an inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase) injection. Direct DVC infusion of glycine lowered VLDL-TG secretion, whereas NMDA receptor blocker MK-801 fully negated glycine's effect. NR1 subunit of NMDA receptor antagonist 7-chlorokynurenic acid, adenoviral injection of NR1 short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and hepatic vagotomy also nullified glycine's effect. Finally, DVC glycine normalized the hypersecretion of VLDL-TG induced by high-fat feeding. Key Words: glycine Ⅲ NMDA receptors Ⅲ CNS Ⅲ hepatic lipid metabolism Ⅲ obesity H ypertriglyceridemia and overproduction and secretion of VLDL-TG are key contributors to the metabolic syndrome and atherogenic dyslipidemia. 1-3 Although circulating insulin and free fatty acids (FFA) regulate hepatic VLDL-TG secretion, 4,5 the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Given that diabetes and obesity are associated with hypertriglyceridemia and increased hepatic secretion and production of VLDL-TG, 1-3 it is important to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of hepatic VLDL-TG secretion in a normal setting with the hope to discover novel therapeutic molecules to lower blood lipid levels in obesity and diabetes. Conclusions:In addition to the array of circulating factors that directly regulate hepatic lipid metabolism, the hypothalamic region of the brain senses circulating nutrients and hormones to regulate peripheral lipid homeostasis 6 -10 and blood pressure. 11 For example, nutrients such as glucose signal within the hypothalamus to inhibit VLDL-TG secretion through the hepatic vagus. 12 Consistent with the fact that nutrients in the brain lowers appetite through the suppression of neuropeptide Y, 13 direct administration of neuropeptide Y into the hypothalamus conversely stimulates VLDL-TG secretion. 9 Central neuropeptide Y signaling also negates the ability of circulating insulin to inhibit VLDL-TG secretion, 6 whereas hormones such as insulin, 8 ghrelin, 7 melanocortins, 14,15 and leptin 16,17 trigger hypothalamic signaling cascades to modulate peripheral lipid profiles. In spite of the fact that the hypothalamus regulates peripheral lipid metabolism, ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Glycine Normalizes Hepatic Triglyceride-Rich VLDL Secretion by Triggering the CNS in High-Fat Fed Rats

Yue

Mighiu²,

Naples³

et al. 2012

Circulation Research

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“…In general, animal and vegetal proteins are well-known as influences on cholesterol metabolism and experimental atherosclerosis . In animal experiments, the levels of total cholesterol and serum triglycerides are markedly suppressed by the ingestion of large amounts of gelatin, which is a mixture of water-soluble proteins derived primarily from collagen , . With regard to the function of collagen peptide, Wu et al have examined the safety and effectiveness of porcine collagen peptide in rats, focusing on bone metabolism .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Collagen Hydrolysates from Salmon and Trout Skins on the Lipid Profile in Rats

Saito

Kiyose²,

Higuchi³

et al. 2009

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The effect of collagen hydrolysates from fish skins on lipid profile was assessed in rats administered chum salmon or rainbow trout collagen peptide. Single oral administration of soybean oil with or without one of either type of fish collagen peptide demonstrated that rat plasma triglycerides were significantly decreased 2 h later after the intake of oil and peptide mixtures (p < 0.05). The free and peptide forms of hydroxyproline derived from fish collagen peptides were statistically higher than those of zero time after oral administration. To test the effect of fish collagen peptides on continuous administration, rats were fed an AIN-93G purified diet containing 0.17% fish collagen peptide. The peptide groups had lower levels of plasma total lipids and triglycerides compared with the control group. However, the body, liver, and fat weights of rats were not significantly different between groups. These results suggest that fish collagen hydrolysates affect lipid absorption and metabolism in rats and may be useful in suppressing the transient increase of plasma triglycerides.

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“…A reduction of the thermogenic action of Table 4 Postprandial therrnogenic action of casein and casein hydrolysak' in rats HAMILTON [I emphysized already in 1939 that he found in rat experiments an inverse correlation between the thermogenic action of food withdifferent protein content (whole egg) and its growth stimulating capacity. Rat experiments of AUST et al [30] under conditions of isocaloric feeding with a protein moiety of 30 % outlined a growth depressing if casein was partly exchanged for gelatine (1 : 1). The presented data of the thermogenic action of the different protein mixtures are in good agreement with these observations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Studies on the postprandial thermogenic action of proteins and protein mixtures in rats

Porrata‐Maury

Aust

Noack

et al. 1987

Nahrung

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The postprandial thermogenic action of different proteins and their mixtures dependent on their biological value was estimated in rats by indirect calorimetry with special reference to the reproducibility of the evaluation of the postprandial metabolic rate. The absolute thermogenic action (related to the food energy intake) of casein, white-egg protein and gelatine, fed in combination with wheat starch (1:1), amounted to 11.4%, 14.5% and 17.8%, respectively. Mixtures of casein with gelatine (ratio 1:1 and 1:2) as well as the mixture of casein with glycine (in such amount as in the casein-gelatine mixture of 1:1) lead to a postprandial thermogenic action of 16.1%, 19.2% and 14.5%, respectively. If proteins of distinctly different biological value are compared an inverse correlation to their postprandial thermogenic action can be demonstrated which reflects partly theoretical approaches to the ATP yielding capacity, calculated from the amino-acid pattern of the proteins and their mixtures.

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The hypolipaemic action of a glycine rich diet in rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Glycine Normalizes Hepatic Triglyceride-Rich VLDL Secretion by Triggering the CNS in High-Fat Fed Rats

Glycine Normalizes Hepatic Triglyceride-Rich VLDL Secretion by Triggering the CNS in High-Fat Fed Rats

Effect of Collagen Hydrolysates from Salmon and Trout Skins on the Lipid Profile in Rats

Studies on the postprandial thermogenic action of proteins and protein mixtures in rats

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