The <i>aux1</i> Mutation of <i>Arabidopsis</i> Confers Both Auxin and Ethylene Resistance

Pickett, F. Bryan; Wilson, Allison K.; Estelle, Mark

doi:10.1104/pp.94.3.1462

Cited by 293 publications

(209 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…AHAS activity from all selections exhibited in vitro feedback regulation by valine and leucine that is indistinguishable from feedback sensitivity of the AHAS activity from susceptible Fidel (Fig. 3) (8,12,13) and for dominant mutations (6,7,14). Herbicides provide a potent and repeatable selection agent for plants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance to Imidazolinone Herbicides in Wheat

Newhouse¹,

Smith²,

Starrett³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

130

122

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An imidazolinone-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell) mutant in the winter wheat cultivar Fidel has been identified and characterized. The mutant was isolated from a population derived through seed mutagenesis of the variety with an aqueous solution containing sodium azide. Imidazolinone-tolerant wheat seedlings were selected from the M2 generation of the population in the presence of imazethapyr herbicide and identified as herbicideinsensitive individuals. The trait is inherited as a single semidominant gene and confers high levels of tolerance to imazethapyr. Acetohydroxyacid synthase activity in extracts from imidazolinonetolerant plants was less inhibited by imazethapyr than the enzyme from the wild type. The herbicide-tolerant plants have a completely normal phenotype and display no negative effects on growth and yield in either the absence or presence of imazethapyr.find imidazolinone-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell) through seed mutagenesis and selection with an M2 seedling screen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seed MutagenesisFive thousand seeds of the French winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell cv Fidel) were mutagenized by the procedure of Kueh and Bright (9). Wheat seeds were soaked in water for 18 h at 50C. Air was then bubbled through the seeds for 6 h at 200C. Following imbibition, seeds were soaked in 1 mm sodium azide (pH 3) for 2 h. The seeds were rinsed for 30 min, dried on paper towels, and planted in the field. The plants arising from these seeds were Ml generation plants. M2 seeds were harvested from these plants at maturity.The imidazolinone class of herbicides has been demonstrated to have a broad spectrum of weed control activity, flexibility in timing of application, low usage rates, and low mammalian toxicity. These herbicides inhibit the enzymic activity of AHAS2 (EC 4.1.3.18) (15), the first enzyme in the pathway for the synthesis of the branched chain amino acids valine, leucine, and isoleucine. This same enzyme has been shown to be the site of action for the sulfonylurea and triazolopyrimidine herbicides (4,19). The basis for crop selectivity of the imidazolinones has been shown to be the result of a difference in the nature or rate of metabolism of the herbicide (2,3,16 882Screening Procedure M2 seeds were surface disinfected in 70% ethanol for 30 s. This was followed by a disinfection in a solution of 2.6% sodium hypochlorite for 30 min under vacuum with gentle agitation. Two drops of the nonionic surfactant Tween 20 were used per 100 mL of the sodium hypochlorite solution to aid the disinfestation procedure. Subsequently, seeds were rinsed three times in sterile distilled water and placed into sterile plastic 10-x 1.5-cm Petri dishes at 250 seeds/dish. Twenty-five milliliters of 1 M imazethapyr was placed in each dish. After 3 d in the imazethapyr solution, the seeds were drained and blotted dry. The seeds were planted at a 1-to 2-cm depth in 15-x 20-cm peat flats containing Metromix 350 (W.R. Grace Co.) at the rate of 1000 seeds/flat. These flats...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance to Imidazolinone Herbicides in Wheat

Newhouse¹,

Smith²,

Starrett³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

130

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Mutations at the auxl locus do not have such pleiotropic effects; in particular, the anatomy and ultrastructure of auxl-7 mutant roots are indistinguishable from those of the wild type (Pickett et al, 1990). The AUXl gene product is thought to function primarily in the hormonal regulation of gravitropism (Maher and Martindale, 1980;Mirza et al, 1984;Pickett et al, 1990), although the axrl-3 and auxl-7 mutants are both resistant to the inhibition of seedling root growth by ammonium ions in the absence of potassium (Cao et al, 1993). The present data provide another example of the differential roles of the AXRl and AUXl gene products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, two distinct mutants that had both been isolated on the basis of a reduced sensitivity to auxin (Estelle and Somerville, 1987;Pickett et al, 1990) have been analyzed. The intensity of drought rhizogenesis was not affected by the auxl-7 mutation.…”

Section: Differential Expression Of Drought Rhizogenesis In Arabidopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are the ABA-deficient (Koomneef et al, 1982) aba-1 (isolation number A26); the nonallelic ABA-insensitive (Koomneef et al, 1984) abil-1 (AII), abi2-1 (EII), and abi3-1 (CIV); and the nonallelic GA-deficient (Koomneef and van der Veen, 1980) ga2-1 (L44), ga3-1 (U344), ga4-1 (C320), and ga5-1 (B019) mutants. The auxin-resistant axrl-3 (ME-3) (Estelle and Somerville, 1987) and auxl-7 (Pickett et al, 1990) Plant Physiol. Vol.…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drought Rhizogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana (Differential Responses of Hormonal Mutants)

1994

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“…At least one of the mutants (auxl) is also resistant to ethylene (Pickett, Wilson & Estelle, 1990) and three {auxl, axrl and axr2) confer resistance to ammonium inhibition of root growth in the absence of potassium (Cao, Glass & Crawford, 1993). The auxl gene has been identified and characterization of the sequence suggests that it encodes a membrane-bound protein (M. Bennett, personal communication).…”

Section: Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auxin action and auxin‐binding proteins

Napier

Venis

1995

New Phytologist

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SUMMARY The plant growth regulator auxin mediates an enormous range of developmental and growth responses, some of which are manifest rapidly and others manifest only after considerable lag periods. The protein that perceives auxin, the auxin receptor, has been sought by many laboratories and the search has identified a good number of candidates. However, a receptor must not only bind auxin, but also transduce the auxin stimulus into the responses we recognize. Finding evidence for this second condition has always proved very demanding. A key requisite is a convenient assay for auxin activity and preferably one involving a rapid response because this is likely to be linked directly to the perception event. For one auxin‐binding protein (ABP1) there is growing evidence that it is a functional auxin receptor. The assays used in this work have been rapid auxin‐induced changes in protoplast electrophysiology. There are many other responses induced rapidly by auxin for which a link to ABP1 has yet to be established. We have reviewed the whole range of rapid auxin‐mediated responses and by doing so we hope to have provided a comprehensive picture of the many events to which a receptor (or receptors) must connect. Against this framework we match the known properties of all putative receptors, including ABP1. Not only have we tried to identify auxin‐binding proteins unlikely to be receptors, but we also highlight the remaining gaps in our understanding of the more likely receptor candidates.

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The aux1 Mutation of Arabidopsis Confers Both Auxin and Ethylene Resistance

Cited by 293 publications

References 25 publications

Tolerance to Imidazolinone Herbicides in Wheat

Tolerance to Imidazolinone Herbicides in Wheat

Drought Rhizogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana (Differential Responses of Hormonal Mutants)

Auxin action and auxin‐binding proteins

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