The Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus Molecular Sensitization Profile of Allergic Rhinitis Patients in Central China

Abstract

Background House dust mites (HDMs) are the major aeroallergens in patients with rhinitis and/or asthma in China. However, the molecular sensitization of HDM is varied in different regions. Objective To investigate the Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ( Der p) molecular sensitization profile of allergic rhinitis (AR) patients in Central China. Methods AR patients with positive skin prick tests to Der p were enrolled in our study. Specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) for Der p, Dermatophagoides farinae ( Der f), Acarus siro ( Aca s), Blomia tropicalis ( Blo t), and Der p components Der p1, Der p2, and Der p10 were measured in all patients. Results A total of 130 patients were included. The overall prevalence of positive serum sIgE was 99.2% for Der p, 98.5% for Der f, 81.5% for Aca s, 83.1% for Blo t, 71.5% for Der p1, 64.6% for Der p2, and 11.5% for Der p10. HDM-AR patients with asthma displayed significantly higher concentrations of sIgE to Der p, Der f, Der p1, and Der p2 than did those without asthma ( P < .001). The prevalence of asthma in HDM-AR patients was higher among the patients sensitized to both Der p1 and Der p2 (62.8%) than those sensitized to only 1 allergen ( Der p1 26.7% or Der p2 16.7%; P < .05) or nonsensitized to Der p1 and Der p2 (19.4%; P < .001). Conclusion Der p has high cross-reactivity with other mite species. Der p1 and Der p2 are the major components to induce Der p sensitization among AR patients in Central China. Sensitization to both Der p1 and Der p2 may be a risk factor for developing asthma in HDM-AR patients.

Co‐sensitization and cross‐reactivity of Blomia tropicalis with two Dermatophagoides species in Guangzhou, China

“…6 Some studies have reported a moderate correlation between Der p and Blo t through analysis of the levels of specific IgE (sIgE). [6][7][8] However, partial IgE inhibition assays have shown that Blo t allergens have little cross-reactivity with Der p and Der f. [9][10][11] At present, studies about cross-reactivity between Blo t and Der p and Blo t and Der f are few and appear to be inconsistent. Whether patients co-sensitized to Blo t and the other two mites are due to true sensitization or cross-reaction is still unknown.…”

Clinical trial to assess tolerability and subrogate efficacy effects of an abbreviated schedule with house dust mites mixture subcutaneous immunotherapy

“…Despite the fact of great homology between DPT and the rest of the mites belonging to the family Pyroglyphidae, (15,16,23) allergy clinicians commonly prescribe mixed vaccines to treat patients polysensitized to mites. As it was mentioned, the most common mites with positive results in diagnostic prick tests performed in patients with respiratory allergy in Spain, were DPT, DF and Lepidoglyphus destructor (6), excluding the islands.…”

“…According to EMA guidelines, mixture of different allergenic sources is only recommended when they are taxonomically related (14). In the case of DPT and DF mixture, the similarity and cross-reactivity is so high, between 80 -90 % (15,16) that it could be enough to receive unique vaccine with one of these two allergen extracts. As a consequence of the enormous homology, any of the two allergenic sources could be proposed as the representative homologous specie (17).…”

Editorial

“…6 In another example of how molecular markers differ in subsets of patients with the same disease process, Yang et al showed differences in molecular sensitization profiles to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in allergic rhinitis (AR) patient with and without concomitant asthma. 7 AR patients with asthma were also shown to have a significantly higher concentration of serum immunoglobulin E to D. pteronyssinus compared to nonasthmatics. 7 Studies like those by Guo et al 6 and Yang et al 7 highlight the importance of finding molecular markers that repeatedly and reliably identify specific subsets of patients who may stand to gain the most clinically from use of a particular biologic and also guide treatment choice.…”

“…7 AR patients with asthma were also shown to have a significantly higher concentration of serum immunoglobulin E to D. pteronyssinus compared to nonasthmatics. 7 Studies like those by Guo et al 6 and Yang et al 7 highlight the importance of finding molecular markers that repeatedly and reliably identify specific subsets of patients who may stand to gain the most clinically from use of a particular biologic and also guide treatment choice.…”