The<i>Drosophila</i>Circadian Pacemaker Circuit: Pas de Deux or Tarantella?

Sheeba, Vasu; Kaneko, Maki; Sharma, Vijay Kumar; Holmes, Todd C.

doi:10.1080/10409230701829128

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 194 publications

(345 reference statements)

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“…The core pacemaker for the activity/rest rhythm has been localized in the lateral ventral neurons (LN v ). PDF is used by the LN v neurons to communicate among each other and with other neurons in the circadian pacemaker network (Renn et al 1999;Blanchardon et al 2001;Sheeba et al 2008). Core clock proteins expressed in the LN v are essential for the maintenance of the activity/rest and emergence rhythms (Ewer et al 1992;Myers et al 2003).…”

Section: Entrainment Of the Egg-laying Rhythmmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The neuronal architecture underlying circadian rhythms in D. melanogaster has been extensively studied for several decades (for review see Sheeba et al 2008). The core pacemaker for the activity/rest rhythm has been localized in the lateral ventral neurons (LN v ).…”

Section: Entrainment Of the Egg-laying Rhythmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the physiological level, the circadian pacemaker network consists of at least six groups of clock neurons (Blanchardon et al 2001;Myers et al 2003;Sheeba et al 2008). Persistence of activity/rest and emergence rhythms in Drosophila requires the presence of all the clock genes, and the ventral lateral neurons (LN v ), a set of pigment dispersing factor (PDF) expressing neurons in the fly brain (Ewer et al 1992;Renn et al 1999;Myers et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Egg-laying rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster

Manjunatha

Dass

Sharma

2008

J Genet

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Extensive research has been carried out to understand how circadian clocks regulate various physiological processes in organisms. The discovery of clock genes and the molecular clockwork has helped researchers to understand the possible role of these genes in regulating various metabolic processes. In Drosophila melanogaster, many studies have shown that the basic architecture of circadian clocks is multi-oscillatory. In nature, different neuronal subgroups in the brain of D. melanogaster have been demonstrated to control different circadian behavioural rhythms or different aspects of the same circadian rhythm. Among the circadian phenomena that have been studied so far in Drosophila, the egg-laying rhythm is unique, and relatively less explored. Unlike most other circadian rhythms, the egg-laying rhythm is rhythmic under constant light conditions, and the endogenous or free-running period of the rhythm is greater than those of most other rhythms. Although the clock genes and neurons required for the persistence of adult emergence and activity/rest rhythms have been studied extensively, those underlying the circadian egg-laying rhythm still remain largely unknown. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the circadian egg-laying rhythm in D. melanogaster, and the possible molecular and physiological mechanisms that control the rhythmic output of the egg-laying process.

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Section: Entrainment Of the Egg-laying Rhythmmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Entrainment Of the Egg-laying Rhythmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Egg-laying rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster

Manjunatha

Dass

Sharma

2008

J Genet

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“…The rhythms are controlled by brain pacemaker neurons, which consist of approximately 150 neurons and are largely subdivided into 9 groups: s-LN v , l-LN v , 5th s-LN v , LN d , DN 1a , DN 1p , DN 2 , DN 3 , and LPN (Nitabach and Taghert, 2008). These cell groups contain a molecular clock that is based on autoregulatory transcriptional/translational feedback loops involving several clock genes such as period (per) and timeless (tim) (Dubruille and emery, 2008;Sheeba et al, 2008c;Zheng and Sehgal, 2008). Individual pacemaker neural groups respond differently to light (Rieger et al, 2006;Picot et al, 2007;Murad et al, 2007;Stoleru et al, 2007) and temperature (Miyasako et al, 2007), suggesting that each neural group has different roles in light and temperature entrainment.…”

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confidence: 99%

Synergic Entrainment of Drosophila’s Circadian Clock by Light and Temperature

et al. 2009

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Daily light and temperature cycles are considered the most important zeitgebers for circadian clocks in many organisms. The influence of each single zeitgeber on the clock has been well studied, but little is known about any synergistic effects of both zeitgebers on the clock. In nature, light and temperature show characteristic daily oscillations with the temperature rising during the light phase and reaching its maximum in the late afternoon. Here, we studied behavioral and molecular rhythms in Drosophila melanogaster under simulated natural low light-dark (LD) and temperature (T) cycles that typically occur during the September equinox. Wild-type flies were either subjected to simulated LD or T cycles alone or to a combination of both. Behavioral rhythms and molecular rhythms in the different clock neurons were assessed under the 3 different conditions. Although behavioral rhythms entrained to all conditions, the rhythms were most robust under the combination of LD and T cycles. The clock neurons responded differently to LD and T cycles. Some were not entrained by T cycles alone; others were only slightly entrained by LD cycles alone. The amplitude of the molecular cycling was not different between LD alone and T cycles alone; but LD alone could set the pacemaker neurons to similar phases, whereas T cycles alone could not. The combination of the 2 zeitgebers entrained all clock neurons not only with similar phase but also enhanced the amplitude of Timeless cycling in the majority of cells. Our results show that the 2 zeitgebers synergistically entrain behavioral and molecular rhythms of Drosophila melanogaster.

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“…Further, D. melanogaster exhibits robust and relatively easily measurable rhythms in behaviours such as activity/rest, adult emergence (eclosion), mating and egg-laying (reviewed in Sakai and Ishida 2001;Myers et al 2003;Howlader and Sharma 2006;Rosato and Kyriacou 2006). The underlying molecular basis for some of these rhythms has been extensively studied over the past four decades and is known to be composed of several interlocked transcriptional-translational feedback loops (TTL) along with post-translational modifications of proteins which enable the persistence of near-24-h rhythms even in the absence of environmental cycles that can serve as Zeitgebers (time cues) (reviewed by Hardin 2005;Sheeba et al 2008a;Zheng and Sehgal 2008). The circadian oscillation in levels of mRNA and protein of some of the core components of the TTL such as period (per), timeless (tim) and par-domain-protein-1 (pdp1) are now considered molecular markers of the selfsustained circadian oscillator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Drosophila melanogaster circadian pacemaker circuit

Sheeba

2008

J Genet

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As an experimental model system, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has been seminal in shaping our understanding of the circadian clockwork. The wealth of genetic tools at our disposal over the past four decades has enabled discovery of the genetic and molecular bases of circadian rhythmicity. More recently, detailed investigation leading to the anatomical, neurochemical and electrophysiological characterization of the various neuronal subgroups that comprise the circadian machinery has revealed pathways through which these neurons come together to act as a neuronal circuit. Thus the D. melanogaster circadian pacemaker circuit presents a relatively simple and attractive model for the study of neuronal circuits and their functions.

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TheDrosophilaCircadian Pacemaker Circuit: Pas de Deux or Tarantella?

Cited by 37 publications

References 194 publications

Egg-laying rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster

Egg-laying rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster

Synergic Entrainment of Drosophila’s Circadian Clock by Light and Temperature

The Drosophila melanogaster circadian pacemaker circuit

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