The<i>SAUR</i>gene family: the plant’s toolbox for adaptation of growth and development

Stortenbeker, Niek; Bemer, Marian

doi:10.1093/jxb/ery332

Cited by 239 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Two small auxin-upregulated RNA (SAUR) genes (both downregulated) and five SAUR-like genes (3 downregulate, 2 upregulated) were differentially expressed in microgravity. These have been shown to be auxin-responsive regulators of adaptive growth, and may be responsible for modulating new growth patterns in the absence of gravity (24).…”

Section: Cell Wall Synthesis In the Spaceflight Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spaceflight Induces Novel Regulatory Responses in Arabidopsis Seedling as Revealed by Combined Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

Kruse

Meyers

Basu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Understanding of gravity sensing and response is critical to long-term human habitation in space and can provide new advantages for terrestrial agriculture. To this end, the altered gene expression profile induced by microgravity has been repeatedly queried by microarray and RNA-seq experiments to understand gravitropism. However, the quantification of altered protein abundance in space has been minimally investigated. Results: Proteomic (iTRAQ-labelled LC-MS/MS) and transcriptomic (RNA-seq) analyses simultaneously quantified protein and transcript differential expression of three-day old, etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings grown aboard the International Space Station along with their ground control counterparts. Protein extracts were fractionated to isolate soluble and membrane proteins and analyzed to detect differentially phosphorylated peptides. In total, 968 RNAs, 107 soluble proteins, and 103 membrane proteins were identified as differentially expressed. In addition, the proteomic analyses identified 16 differential phosphorylation events. Proteomic data delivered novel insights and simultaneously provided new context to previously made observations of gene expression in microgravity. There is a sweeping shift in post-transcriptional mechanisms of gene regulation including RNA-decapping protein DCP5, the splicing factors GRP7 and GRP8, and AGO4,. These data also indicate AHA2 and FERONIA as well as CESA1 and SHOU4 as central to the cell wall adaptations seen in spaceflight. Patterns of tubulin-a 1, 3,4 and 6 phosphorylation further reveal an interaction of microtubule and redox homeostasis that mirrors osmotic response signaling elements. The absence of gravity also results in a seemingly wasteful dysregulation of plastid gene transcription. Conclusions: The datasets gathered from Arabidopsis seedlings exposed to microgravity revealed marked impacts on post-transcriptional regulation, cell wall synthesis, redox/microtubule dynamics, and plastid gene transcription. The impact of post-transcriptional regulatory alterations represents an unstudied element of the plant microgravity response with the potential to significantly impact plant growth efficiency and beyond. What’s more, addressing the effects of microgravity on AHA2, CESA1, and alpha tubulins has the potential to enhance cytoskeletal organization and cell wall composition, thereby enhancing biomass production and growth in microgravity. Finally, understanding and manipulating the dysregulation of plastid gene transcription has further potential to address the goal of enhancing plant growth in the stressful conditions of microgravity.

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Section: Cell Wall Synthesis In the Spaceflight Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spaceflight Induces Novel Regulatory Responses in Arabidopsis Seedling as Revealed by Combined Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

Kruse

Meyers

Basu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, up to present, a large number of IAA-related genes included in IAA-signal transduction pathway have been documented. Thus, the Small Auxin Up RNA (SAUR), Glycoside Hydrolase 3 (GH3) and Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid (AUX/IAA) genes are three of the most important auxin-responsive gene families; unfortunately, functional studies on SAURs have lagged behind [16]. The reported genetic functions of SAURs include elongating soybean hypocotyl sections and promoting Arabidopsis hypocotyl and stamen filament elongation, which indicate a role for SAURs in the regulation of cell expansion [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Auxin Up RNAs influence the distribution of indole-3-acetic acid and play a potential role in increasing seed size in Euryale ferox Salisb.

Huang

Bao

Jin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Aquatic Euryale ferox Salisb. is an economically important crop in China and India. Unfortunately, low yield limitations seriously hinder market growth. Here, we generated a new hybrid line (HL) by crossing South Gordon Euryale and North Gordon Euryale (WT). The hybrid showed significant heterosis, including a non-prickly, thin-coated, large seed. However, the functional genes and developmental mechanism involved in formation of the larger seed in HL is unclear. Results: Both concentration and localization of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at two growth stages of fruits of WT and HL were detected by LC-MS and immunofluorescence. Although IAA content between the two lines did not differ, IAA distribution was significantly different. To elucidate the mechanism and to seek the key genes underlying this difference, RNA-seq was performed on young fruits at the two selected growth stages, and differentially expressed genes related to the auxin transduction pathway were selected for further analysis. Conclusion: Hybrid Euryale ferox Salisb. expressed significant heterosis, resulting in non-prickly, thin-coated, large seeds, which accounted for the significantly larger yield of HL than that of WT. Our study indicated that Small Auxin Up RNA s (SAURs) -mediated localization of IAA regulates seed size in Euryale ferox Salisb. We found that some SAURs may act as a positive mediator of the auxin transduction pathway, thereby contributing to the observed heterosis.

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“…unfortunately, functional studies on SAURs have lagged behind [16]. The reported genetic functions of SAURs include elongating soybean hypocotyl sections and promoting Arabidopsis hypocotyl and stamen filament elongation, which indicate a role for SAURs in the regulation of cell expansion [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Auxin Up RNAs influence the distribution of indole-3-acetic acid and play a potential role in increasing seed size in Euryale ferox Salisb.

Huang

Bao

Jin

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract Background: Aquatic Euryale ferox Salisb. is an economically important crop in China and India. Unfortunately, low yield limitations seriously hinder market growth. Here, we generated a new hybrid line (HL) by crossing South Gordon Euryale and North Gordon Euryale (WT). The hybrid showed significant heterosis, including a non-prickly, thin-coated, large seed. However, the growth mechanism in HL is unclear.Results: Both concentration and localization of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) at two growth stages of fruits of WT and HL were detected by LC-MS and immunofluorescence. Although IAA content between the two lines did not differ, IAA distribution was significantly different. To elucidate the mechanism underlying this difference, RNA-Seq was performed on young fruits at the two selected growth stages, and differentially expressed genes related to the auxin transduction pathway were selected for further analysis. Conclusion: hybrid Euryale ferox Salisb. expressed significant heterosis, resulting in non-prickly, thin-coated, large seeds, which accounted for the significantly larger yield of HL than that of WT. Our study indicated that Small Auxin Up RNAs-mediated localization of IAA regulates seed size in Euryale ferox Salisb. We found that some SAURs may act as a positive mediator of the auxin transduction pathway, thereby contributing to the observed heterosis.

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TheSAURgene family: the plant’s toolbox for adaptation of growth and development

Cited by 239 publications

References 76 publications

Spaceflight Induces Novel Regulatory Responses in Arabidopsis Seedling as Revealed by Combined Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

Spaceflight Induces Novel Regulatory Responses in Arabidopsis Seedling as Revealed by Combined Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

Small Auxin Up RNAs influence the distribution of indole-3-acetic acid and play a potential role in increasing seed size in Euryale ferox Salisb.

Small Auxin Up RNAs influence the distribution of indole-3-acetic acid and play a potential role in increasing seed size in Euryale ferox Salisb.

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