TheTrans-Acting Short Interfering RNA3 Pathway and NO APICAL MERISTEM Antagonistically Regulate Leaf Margin Development and Lateral Organ Separation, as Revealed by Analysis of anargonaute7/lobed leaflet1Mutant inMedicago truncatula

Zhou, Chuanen; Han, Li; Fu, Chunxiang; Wen, Jiangqi; Cheng, Xiaofei; Nakashima, Jin; Ma, Jason; Tang, Yuhong; Tan, Yang; Tadege, Million; Mysore, Kirankumar S.; Xia, Guangmin; Wang, Zeng‐Yu

doi:10.1105/tpc.113.117788

Cited by 74 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…It was subsequently found that AGO7 is preferentially loaded with miR390 and triggers production of tasiRNAs from the TAS3 locus (Garcia et al, 2006;Montgomery et al, 2008). TAS3-derived tasiRNA target AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORS and regulate leaf patterning and lateral organ separation (Montgomery et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2013). This role of AGO7 appears conserved across plants as it has been also reported from rice (Nagasaki et al, 2007;Shi et al, 2007) and maize (Douglas et al, 2010).…”

Section: Ago7mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Non-canonical miRNAs were discovered during systematic analyses of small RNAs in different model systems, such as disease models (e.g. Xia et al, 2013) or cultured cells (Babiarz et al, 2008;Babiarz et al, 2011). A good experimental strategy to identify non-canonical miRNAs is a high throughput sequencing analysis of genetic models lacking some of the components of RNA silencing such as Dicer or DGCR8 (Babiarz et al, 2008;Babiarz et al, 2011).…”

Section: Additional Small Rnas Associated With Ago Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Literature review of baseline information to support the risk assessment of RNAi‐based GM plants

Pačes

Nič²,

Novotný³

et al. 2017

EFS3

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This report is the outcome of an EFSA procurement aiming at investigating and summarising the state of knowledge on (I) the mode-of-action of dsRNA and miRNA pathways, (II) the potential for nontarget gene regulation by dsRNA-derived siRNAs or miRNAs, (III) the determination of siRNA pools in plant tissues and the importance of individual siRNAs for silencing. The report is based on a comprehensive and systematic literature search, starting with the identification and retrieval of~190,000 publications related to the research area and further filtered down with keywords to produce focused collections used for subsequent screening of titles and abstracts. The report is comprised of an (I) Introduction to the field of small RNAs, (II) a Data and Methodologies section containing strategies used for literature search and study selection, and (III) the Results of the literature review organized according to the three main procurement tasks. The outcome of the first task reviews dsRNA and miRNA pathways in mammals (including humans), birds, fish, arthropods, annelids, molluscs, nematodes, and plants. Eight taxon-dedicated chapters are based on~1,400 cumulative references chosen from~10,000 inspected titles and abstracts. We review conserved and divergent aspects of small RNA pathways and dsRNA responses in animals and plants including structure and function of key proteins as well as four basic mechanisms: genome-encoded posttranscriptional regulations (miRNA), degradation of RNAs by short interfering RNA pools generated from long dsRNA (RNAi), transcriptional silencing, and sequence-independent responses to dsRNA. The outcome of the second task focuses on base pairing between small RNAs and their target RNAs and predictability of biological effects of small RNAs in animals and plants. The outcome of the last task reviews methodology, siRNA pools, and movement of small RNAs in plants. Potential transfer of small RNAs between species and circulating miRNAs in mammals is described in the final chapter.

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Section: Ago7mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Additional Small Rnas Associated With Ago Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Literature review of baseline information to support the risk assessment of RNAi‐based GM plants

Pačes

Nič²,

Novotný³

et al. 2017

EFS3

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“…For SEM observation, dry mature seeds were cut with a sharp razor blade at the central region. SEM analysis was performed as described previously (24,40). Thirty-six-day-old seeds were used for cryosectioning, as seeds at this stage have suitable hardness for cutting with Cryostat Leica CM 1850 without fixation treatment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A class II KNOX gene, KNOX4 , controls seed physical dormancy

Chai

Zhou

Molina

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Physical dormancy of seed is an adaptive trait that widely exists in higher plants. This kind of dormancy is caused by a waterimpermeable layer that blocks water and oxygen from the surrounding environment and keeps embryos in a viable status for a long time. Most of the work on hardseededness has focused on morphological structure and phenolic content of seed coat. The molecular mechanism underlying physical dormancy remains largely elusive. By screening a large number of Tnt1 retrotransposontagged Medicago truncatula lines, we identified nondormant seed mutants from this model legume species. Unlike wild-type hard seeds exhibiting physical dormancy, the mature mutant seeds imbibed water quickly and germinated easily, without the need for scarification. Microscopic observations of cross sections showed that the mutant phenotype was caused by a dysfunctional palisade cuticle layer in the seed coat. Chemical analysis found differences in lipid monomer composition between the wild-type and mutant seed coats. Genetic and molecular analyses revealed that a class II KNOTTED-like homeobox (KNOXII) gene, KNOX4, was responsible for the loss of physical dormancy in the seeds of the mutants. Microarray and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses identified CYP86A, a gene associated with cutin biosynthesis, as one of the downstream target genes of KNOX4. This study elucidated a novel molecular mechanism of physical dormancy and revealed a new role of class II KNOX genes. Furthermore, KNOX4-like genes exist widely in seed plants but are lacking in nonseed species, indicating that KNOX4 may have diverged from the other KNOXII genes during the evolution of seed plants.S eed dormancy is a complex adaptive trait of higher plants that allows embryos to survive extended periods of unfavorable environmental conditions (1). Over the course of evolution, plant seeds have evolved diverse dormancy forms in response to various climates to maintain viability (2). Physical dormancy, also termed hardseededness, is an exogenous dormancy caused by a water-impermeable hard seed coat. Physical dormancy plays a key role in protecting seeds against microbial attacks and predators and maintaining seed banks in soils (3-5). This type of dormancy has been found in at least 17 plant families and is very common in legume species (2, 6, 7). Seed exhibiting physical dormancy is characterized by specific morphological features, including a water-impermeable palisade cell layer covered by intact cuticles in the hard seed coat. This structure blocks water and oxygen from its surrounding environment and preserves seeds in a viable status for a long time, sometimes for more than hundreds of years (8). Another common type of seed dormancy is physiological dormancy, which is caused by endogenous factors (e.g., abscisic acid) in embryos. Most molecular studies on seed dormancy have focused on physiological dormancy, using model species Arabidopsis thaliana (9, 10).However, A. thaliana seed is water-permeable, and thus not a suitable model to study physical dor...

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“…Mutations in several genes in the tomato tasiRNA pathway, which are negative regulators of ARF2, 3 and 4, were shown to underlie the tomato 'wiry' syndrome of very narrow leaves with reduced complexity (Lesley and Lesley, 1928;Yifhar et al, 2012). Interestingly, compromised tasiRNA pathway activity in M. truncatula led to a milder phenotype of increased leaf lobing with no effect on the number of leaflets (Zhou et al, 2013), whereas leaf development in Arabidopsis was unaffected (Hunter et al, 2006). Thus, whereas some mechanisms of marginal patterning are conserved among species, others differ substantially.…”

Section: Marginal Patterning In Simple and Compound Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf development and morphogenesis

2014

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The development of plant leaves follows a common basic program that is flexible and is adjusted according to species, developmental stage and environmental circumstances. Leaves initiate from the flanks of the shoot apical meristem and develop into flat structures of variable sizes and forms. This process is regulated by plant hormones, transcriptional regulators and mechanical properties of the tissue. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of how these factors modulate leaf development to yield a substantial diversity of leaf forms. We discuss these issues in the context of leaf initiation, the balance between morphogenesis and differentiation, and patterning of the leaf margin.

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TheTrans-Acting Short Interfering RNA3 Pathway and NO APICAL MERISTEM Antagonistically Regulate Leaf Margin Development and Lateral Organ Separation, as Revealed by Analysis of anargonaute7/lobed leaflet1Mutant inMedicago truncatula

Cited by 74 publications

References 66 publications

Literature review of baseline information to support the risk assessment of RNAi‐based GM plants

Literature review of baseline information to support the risk assessment of RNAi‐based GM plants

A class II KNOX gene, KNOX4 , controls seed physical dormancy

Leaf development and morphogenesis

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