The identification of candidate rice genes that confer resistance to the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) through representational difference analysis

Abstract

The development of rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) that are resistant to the brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens Stål) is an important objective in current breeding programs. In this study, we generated 132 BC(5)F(5) near-isogenic rice lines (NILs) by five backcrosses of Samgangbyeo, a BPH resistant indica variety carrying the Bph1 locus, with Nagdongbyeo, a BPH susceptible japonica variety. To identify genes that confer BPH resistance, we employed representational difference analysis (RDA) to detect transcripts that were exclusively expressed in one of our BPH resistant NIL, SNBC61, during insect feeding. The chromosomal mapping of the RDA clones that we subsequently isolated revealed that they are located in close proximity either to known quantitative trait loci or to an introgressed SSR marker from the BPH resistant donor parent Samgangbyeo. Genomic DNA gel-blot analysis further revealed that loci of all RDA clones in SNBC61 correspond to the alleles of Samgangbyeo. Most of the RDA clones were found to be exclusively expressed in SNBC61 and could be assigned to functional groups involved in plant defense. These RDA clones therefore represent candidate defense genes for BPH resistance.

Herbivore-Induced Callose Deposition on the Sieve Plates of Rice: An Important Mechanism for Host Resistance

“…There is now considerable evidence to suggest that induced defenses are effective and have low fitness costs. Several studies have revealed that gene expression profiles in rice are reorganized in response to BPH feeding Yuan et al, 2005;Park et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2008). Such reorganization has been well documented in other plant-herbivore systems, supporting the hypothesis that inducible defenses contribute to rice resistance to the BPH.…”

“…Feeding by numerous BPHs on a single plant generally results in the susceptible plants yellowing, browning, and drying. In the last decade, the BPH has frequently caused widespread destruction of rice crops and heavy losses of yields (Shi et al, 2003;Park et al, 2007).…”

“…To date, 19 BPH resistance genes in rice have been reported and several have been used in rice breeding programs Jena et al, 2006;Zhang, 2007). Various molecular techniques, including suppression subtractive hybridization, northern blotting, and cDNA array analysis, have been used to study rice responses to BPH feeding Wang et al, 2005Wang et al, , 2008Yuan et al, 2005;Park et al, 2007). BPH feeding is thought to result in a reorganization of the gene expression profile of rice and most of the strongly regulated genes are associated with metabolism, cell defense, cellular transport, cellular communication, or signal transduction and the biogenesis of cellular components.…”

Molecular tagging of the Bph1 locus for resistance to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) through representational difference analysis

“…Many genes involved with BPH resistance have been identiWed in rice plants using various molecular methods, such as cDNA array, suppression subtractive hybridization and representational diVerence analysis (RDA) (Ren et al 2004;Yuan et al 2004Yuan et al , 2005Zhang et al 2004;Wang et al 2005Wang et al , 2008bPark et al 2007). These genes belong to several functional groups, such as signaling pathways, oxidative stress/apoptosis, wound response and pathogen-related proteins.…”

“…These genes belong to several functional groups, such as signaling pathways, oxidative stress/apoptosis, wound response and pathogen-related proteins. We previously developed an eYcient RDA method to detect transcripts that are exclusively expressed in SNBC61, a BPH resistance near isogenic line (NIL), derived from backcrosses of Samgangbyeo carrying Bph1 with Nagdongbyeo, a BPH susceptible line (Park et al 2007). The isolated genes appear to be up-regulated in the resistant line and are closely located to known quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for BPH resistance.…”