The identification of pathological cerebral function through the H‐T‐P technique

Michal-Smith, Harold

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(195307)9:3<293::aid-jclp2270090309>3.0.co;2-#

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For this particular analysis, the contradictory hypotheses concerning line quality were eliminated, and a score was obtained for each patient consisting of the number of indicators present out of a possible total of 11 (Nos. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. These scores were converted to percentages, and an angular transformation was done in order to stabilize the variance.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of human figure drawings in the diagnosis of organic pathology.

Reznikoff¹,

Tomblen²

1956

Journal of Consulting Psychology

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of human figure drawings in the diagnosis of organic pathology.

Reznikoff¹,

Tomblen²

1956

Journal of Consulting Psychology

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“…Many studies have applied the HTP test in screening and aiding the diagnosis of mental disorders. For example, one of the earliest studies examined whether the drawing characteristics in the HTP test were related to mental disorders, and they found a significant correlation between “line strength” and EEG; thus, line strength was thought to be a predictor of psychopathology ( 16 ). In addition, a psychological survey of 1906 college freshmen showed that the combined usage of HTP and SCL-90 increased the accuracy of screening for mental problems ( 17 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the screening and predicting characteristics of the house-tree-person drawing test for mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Guo

Bao²,

Ma³

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundThe house-tree-person (HTP) drawing test has received growing attention from researchers as a common projective test. However, the methods used to select and interpret drawing indicators still lack uniformity.ObjectiveThis study aims to integrate drawing indicators into the process of screening for or classifying mental disorders by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the application of the HTP test.MethodsA search of the following electronic databases was performed in May 2022: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang. Screening and checking of the literature were performed independently by two researchers. The empirical studies published on the use of the HTP test in mental disorders and studies providing specific data on the occurrence frequency of drawing characteristics were analyzed. A total of 30 studies were included in the meta-analysis, including 665 independent effect sizes and 6,295 participants. The strength of the association between drawing characteristics of the HTP test and the prevalence of mental disorders was measured by the ratio (OR) with a 95% CI. Publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot, Rosenthal’s fail-safe number (Nfs), and the trim and fill method.ResultsThe results revealed 50 drawing characteristics that appeared at least three times in previous studies, of which 39 were able to significantly predict mental disorders. The HTP test can be divided into the following four dimensions: house, tree, person, and the whole. These dimensions reflect the structure, size, and other characteristics of the picture. The results showed that the greatest predictor of mental disorders was the whole (OR = 4.20, p < 0.001), followed by the house (OR = 3.95, p < 0.001), the tree (OR = 2.70, p < 0.001), and the person (OR = 2.16, p < 0.001). The valid predictors can be categorized into the following four types: item absence, bizarre or twisted, excessive details, and small or simplified. The subgroup analysis showed that the affective-specific indicators included no motion, leaning house, and decorated roof; thought-specific indicators included excessive separation among items, no window, loss of facial features, and inappropriate body proportions; and common indicators of mental disorders included no additional decoration, simplified drawing, very small house, two-dimensional house, and very small tree.ConclusionThese findings can promote the standardization of the HTP test and provide a theoretical reference for the screening and clinical diagnosis of mental disorders.

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A preliminary report on a technique designed to differentiate patients with cerebral pathology and psychoneurosis

Tolor

1954

J. Clin. Psychol.

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PROBLEMPsychometric techniques that are able satisfactorily to differentiate between patients with cerebral abnormality and psychoneurosis are of great value particularly because of the similarity of symptomatology in these two categories. Also, the possibility of early detection in patients of a cerebral involvement before obvious clinical manifestations develop, and the possibility of altering the course of the disease by instituting early therapeutic measures, suggests that this area is an important one for further investigation. Of the numerous methods used by psychologists for neuro-psychiatric diagnosis, such as the analysis of performance on subtests of the Wechsler-Bellevue scale, the Rorschach inkblot test, projective drawings, and Bender-Gestalt Test, none is without serious limitations and deficiencies. The present report describes a very brief and economical instrument that may be easily adapted as one test in a psychological battery, in conjunction with other laboratory techniques, to assist in a differential diagnosis. The purpose of this investigation is to determine in what ways spontaneous colored chalk productions differentiate between patients with psychoneurosis and those with cerebral pathology.

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The identification of pathological cerebral function through the H‐T‐P technique

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

The use of human figure drawings in the diagnosis of organic pathology.

The use of human figure drawings in the diagnosis of organic pathology.

Analysis of the screening and predicting characteristics of the house-tree-person drawing test for mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis

A preliminary report on a technique designed to differentiate patients with cerebral pathology and psychoneurosis

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