The Identity of the Glycotropic (Anti-Insulin) Substance of the Anterior Pituitary Gland

Jensen, H.; Grattan, Jerome F.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1939.128.2.270

Cited by 33 publications

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“…Elucidation of their mechanism(s) of action is difficult, and the importance of individual hormones is not yet clearly understood. extracts and corticosterone, but not by DOC (Jensen & Grattan, 1940). …”

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confidence: 73%

Effect of ACTH, corticoids and PCN (pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile) on drug responses and disposition

Szabó¹

1979

Acta Endocrinologica

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The endocrine system plays an important role in the adaptation of the organism to environmental stimuli: it influences both specific and nonspecific responses. The ,,emergency reaction" and the ,,stress syndrome" were recognized a long time ago, but they remain very complex processes. Elucidation of their mechanism(s) of action is difficult, and the importance of individual hormones is not yet clearly understood. extracts and corticosterone, but not by DOC (Jensen & Grattan, 1940).

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confidence: 73%

Effect of ACTH, corticoids and PCN (pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile) on drug responses and disposition

Szabó¹

1979

Acta Endocrinologica

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“…There is also the probability that a number of functions listed by CoUip are actually duplications of other effects. Thus, Jensen & Grattan (70) have reported that the anti-insulin effect of anterior pituitary extracts is due to the adrenotropic fraction. They found that the administration of adrenotropic extract, adrenalcortical extract, corticosterone, and desoxycorticosterone to mice resulted in a significant resistance to the action of insulin, while the injec tion of thyrotropic extract, prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and thyroxin were without effect.…”

Section: The Anterior Hypophysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Functions of the Endocrine Glands

Soskin¹

1941

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

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This attempt at a brief review of the contributions of the past year to our knowledge of the metabolic functions of the endocrine glands must of necessity be selective rather than all-inclusive. This is not only because of the number of papers which have appeared, but also because many of the findings cannot yet be related to the pre-existing knowledge. For these reasons it has seemed desirable to limit the present discussion to the most pertinent literature concerning the influence of the pancreas, the adrenal cortex, the thyroid and the anterior hypophysis on the metabolism of carbo hydrates, fats, and proteins respectively.Since it is possible to make only the briefest mention of the related work which appeared before the period under considera tion, the reader is referred to certain review articles published during this time. Van Dyke's second volume on the pituitary gland (144) covers the international literature on the subject from 1935 to 1938. Collip (28) has discussed the significance of the various active fractions of anterior pituitary extracts. The influence of the pituitary gland on carbohydrate metabolism has been re viewed by Young (154) , and of the adrenal cortex by Long and associates (83). Raab (110) has considered the relation of the hor mones to fat metabolism.It is understood that the interpretation of new observations will often depend upon one's previous conception of the funda mentals of the subject. The writer has recently summarized some of his views on carbohydrate metabolism (126, 127). THE PANCREAS A more complete understanding of the influence of other hor mones on carbohydrate metabolism still awaits final agreement as 1 Th e help of Dr. R. Levine in the collection of the material for t " his review is gratefully acknowledged.543 Annu. Rev. Physiol. 1941.3:543-572. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org Access provided by New York University -Bobst Library on 02/08/15. For personal use only. Quick links to online content Further ANNUAL REVIEWS

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“…Jensen and Grattan 18 have recently shown that corticosterone acetate will prevent convulsions after the injection of insulin. They also tried the whole extract, but since corticosterone acetate produced a favorable effect, it seems probable that corticosterone and related compounds in the whole extract are responsible for the increased resistance to insulin.…”

Section: Resistance To Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Function of the Adrenal Cortex

Kendall¹

1941

JAMA

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The onset of the first bout of fever occurred in the infant under observation exactly fifteen days after the bite. Four days prior to this, twelve days after the bite, the local lesion at the site of the tooth perforations on the hand made its first appearance with the evolution of a deep-seated induration associated with edema of the thumb and index finger and a lymphadenitis involving the epitrochlear and axillary glands. With the onset of the fever a generalized macular erythematous lesion appeared, lasting several days. After an afebrile interval a second bout of fever and erythema occurred, and then, unfortunately, an intercurrent infection of the respiratory tract supervened which terminated in hemorrhagic bronchopneumonia and death.When the first febrile episode occurred an effort was at once made to isolate the specific etiologic factor by animal inoculation, since direct examination of the infant's blood failed to reveal the spirochete. This procedure was successful, and the organism was demonstrated in stained smears of the peripheral blood of the mice inoculated. The organism is a spiral called Spirochaeta morsus muris and was first described by Futaki and his associates.3 It is a short spiral from 2 to 5 microns long with about four curves. The Wassermann reaction may be positive in cases of rat-bite fever but is not consistently so. A positive Kahn reaction was obtained in this child before death, which was due to an intercurrent sepsis. In uncomplicated cases the prognosis is usually good. Therapy is by the use of arsenicals. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS1. An infant Negress aged 11 days was bitten by a rat, and rat-bite fever developed.

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The Identity of the Glycotropic (Anti-Insulin) Substance of the Anterior Pituitary Gland

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of ACTH, corticoids and PCN (pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile) on drug responses and disposition

Effect of ACTH, corticoids and PCN (pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile) on drug responses and disposition

Metabolic Functions of the Endocrine Glands

The Function of the Adrenal Cortex

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