The Idolatry of Velocity, or Lies, Damn Lies, and Ballistics

Lindsey, Douglas

doi:10.1097/00005373-198012000-00012

Cited by 84 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…61,76,78,96,97 However, while the pressure of this wave reaches 100 to 200 atm, 62 one study showed noted little if any damage, 98 leading some to advocate "sonic pressure wave" as more a appropriate term. 10,30,31,33,66,99,100 …”

Section: Cavitation and The "Shock Wave"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Misconceptions and Controversies Regarding Ballistics and Gunshot Wounds

Bartlett¹,

Bissell²

2006

Techniques in Orthopaedics

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Section: Cavitation and The "Shock Wave"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Misconceptions and Controversies Regarding Ballistics and Gunshot Wounds

Bartlett¹,

Bissell²

2006

Techniques in Orthopaedics

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“…The stretch mechanism of ballistic trauma then, is essentially nothing more than a localized blunt trauma analogous to displacement of tissue by a blow from a fist (Lindsey 1980;Fackler 1988). The maximum speed of moving tissue forming the boundary of the temporary cavity has been calculated to be in the range of 40 m/s for a so-called high-velocity missile (Beyer 1962;Fackler et al 1984 a).…”

Section: General Wound Ballisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetrating gunshots to the head and lack of immediate incapacitation

Karger

1995

Int J Leg Med

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There are two distinct mechanisms of ballistic injury. Crushing of tissue resulting in a permanent tract is the primary factor in wounding of most tissues and most body regions. Temporary cavitation causes radial tissue displacement and subsequent shearing, compression and especially stretching of tissue analogous to blunt trauma. In contrast to the effect in elastic tissue, temporary cavitation can contribute substantially to wounding of inelastic tissue, such as the brain. This is the case in penetrating gunshot wounds to the head. Additionally, the penetration of the bony cranium can produce secondary missiles in the form of bone or bullet fragments and a tendency of the bullet to deformation and early yaw. Most important, wounding resulting from temporary cavitation is greatly augmented by the confined space provided by the unyielding walls of the skull. Bone contact and enhanced effects of temporary cavitation result in an enlarged zone of disintegrated tissue and in high intracranial peak pressures. Morphological signs of powerful intracranial pressure effects are cortical contusion zones, indirect skull fractures and perivascular haemorrhages remote from the tract. Depending on ballistic and anatomical parameters, the intracranial effect varies from slightly more severe injury than in isolated soft tissue to an "explosive" type of injury with comminuted fractures of the skull and laceration of the brain. Incapacitation is the physiologically based inability to perform complex and longer lasting movements independent of consciousness or intention. Immediate incapacitation is possible following cranio-cerebral gunshot wounds or wounds that disrupt the upper cervical spinal cord only. Rapid incapacitation can be produced by massive bleeding from major vessels or the heart. Immediate incapacitation is the result of primary intracranial effects of the bullet. A mechanism similar to commotion cerebri applied extracranially does not exist in cases of penetrating gunshot wounds to the head.

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“…hunting rifles, general ly cause greater tissue damage than weapons with lower muzzle velocities, e.g. handguns (45). However, the size, shape, and nature of the projectile also play a powerful role in determining the severity of the resultant injury.…”

Section: The Biomechanics Of Gunshot Woundsmentioning

confidence: 99%