The immobilization of nitrogen by straw decomposing in soil

Cheshire, M. V.; Bedrock, C. N.; Williams, B. L.; Chapman, Stephen J.; Solntseva, Irina; Thomsen, Ingrid K.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2389.1999.00238.x

Cited by 95 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Addition of high C:N ratio crop residues to the soil will reduce mineral N following application [112]. In farming systems where the straw remains on the field after harvest, its rapid decomposition is important to minimize negative effects on the following crops caused by N immobilization [20]. In rice-wheat cropping system where mechanical harvesting is practiced (in Indo-Gangetic plains of India), a large quantity of crop residues are left in the field.…”

Section: Nitrogen Dynamics Of Crop Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Important is the Quality of Organic Amendments in Relation to Mineral N Availability in Soils?

et al. 2013

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Summary Wastes generated from municipal and agricultural activities have the tremendous potential for application in agriculture as a source of nutrients and as amendments to improve soil organic matter (SOM). A decline in SOM can represent a serious threat to soil fertility and quality. Nitrogen (N) mineralization from organic amendments is important for understanding the N dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. In this review, quality of the amendments such as C/N ration, N content, and biochemical compositions, etc. are discussed. Since, C/N ratio cannot explain all differences in N mineralization; emphasis has been laid on characterizing different compounds in organic amendments that govern the mineralization process. The importance of simulation models has also been described in modeling N mineralization from some complex materials like compost, animal manures and farmyard manures. These complex simulation models once modified according to the quality of the organic amendments can simulate N mineralization and thus, they can be used for simulating N dynamics in terrestrial eco-systems.

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Section: Nitrogen Dynamics Of Crop Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Important is the Quality of Organic Amendments in Relation to Mineral N Availability in Soils?

et al. 2013

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“…To improve signal-to-noise ratios, a number of researchers have utilized 15 N labeling in composting studies. In such studies utilizing 15 N-labeled plant material (Knicker and Lu¨demann 1995;Hopkins et al 1997;Knicker 2002), 15 N labeled algal material (Knicker 2000b;Knicker et al 1996a;Zang et al 2001) or 15 N labeled nitrate and ammonium Bedrock et al 1998;Cheshire et al 1999), the signal from amide N predominated, and very little heterocyclic N was detected. On the other hand, incubations of plant material with 15 N-labeled urea (Benzing-Purdie et al 1992;Skene et al 1997) and humic fractions with 15 N-labeled nitrite (Thorn and Mikita 2000) formed considerable quantities of non-amide N. Incubations of soil with 15 N-labeled trinitrotoluene (TNT) also resulted in the formation of non-amide TNT-breakdown products containing various forms of organic N (Knicker et al 1999;Bruns-Nagel et al 2000;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Solid-state 15N NMR Spectroscopy Detect all Soil Organic Nitrogen?

Smernik

Baldock

2005

Biogeochemistry

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Virtually all of the N detected by 15 N cross polarization (CP) NMR spectra of four HF-treated soil clay fractions is amide N. However, the intensity of this 15 N CP NMR signal (per unit N) is 27-57% lower than detected for a wheat protein, gliadin. There are two possible explanations -either the amide N in the soil clay fractions produces proportionately less NMR signal than does the amide N in gliadin, or part of the N in the soil clay fractions produces little or no NMR signal. The cross polarization dynamics of the gliadin amide resonance and amide resonances detected for the soil clay fractions are very similar and thus should produce similar amounts of signal, ruling out the first possibility. Therefore up to half or even more of the organic N in these soil clay fractions must be in a form that is insensitive to NMR detection. For a model compound (caffeine), non-protonated heterocyclic N produced less than 20% of the signal of an equivalent amount of amide N in gliadin. Results from several 13 C NMR techniques provide further evidence that much of the undetected N in the soil clay fractions may be heterocyclic.

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“…This result contrasted with most studies reporting that the largest increases in direct N 2 O emissions were obtained with low C/N plant debris (Larsson et al, 1998;Velthof et al, 2002;Huang et al, 2004). Here, the poor N content of maize residues was probably counterbalanced by the initial nitrate supply that provided enough mineral N to efficiently mineralize these residues (Jingguo and Bakken, 1997;Cheshire et al, 1999), leading to the buildup of a reducing power involved in denitrification of the excess nitrate. As differences Dieng et al: Soil organic matter quality, structure and activity of the denitrifiers community as influenced by decaying mulched crop residues -668 - in N 2 O losses between control and mulch treatments were salient when measured in presence of acetylene but faint when directly measured in the microcosm atmosphere, it can be postulated that the N 2 O reductase activity was also favoured in mulch microcosms leading to direct N 2 O losses close to those of the control.…”

Section: Mulch Effects On Direct N 2 O Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Soil Organic Matter Quality, Structure and Activity of the Denitrifiers Community as Influenced by Decaying Mulched Crop Residues

Dieng¹,

Baudoin²,

Thioulouse³

et al. 2015

AEER

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Dieng et al.: Soil organic matter quality, structure and activity of the denitrifiers community as influenced by decaying mulched crop residues -655 - Abstract. Our experiment evaluated the effect of maize and peanut mulched residues upon soil organic matter and denitrifying community over a five-week incubation in soil microcosms. Soil organic matter under peanut and maize debris contrasted in biochemical quality throughout incubation, despite identical soil C contents that were significantly increased by both organic amendments. Moreover, only soluble extracts originating from the peanut treated soils could significantly fuel semi-potential denitrification. Accordingly, the composition of the nirK and nosZ communities was also specifically affected by mulch type, and the strongest impact was registered within the nosZ gene-bearing denitrifiers under peanut residues. Residue enriched soils displayed temporal patterns of potential denitrification activity that were also dependant on residue type. The highest overall emission rates were recorded with soils under maize mulch but they were not mirrored by direct N 2 O contents of the microcosm's headspace. Overall, both soil organic matter and denitrifiers community changes were conditioned throughout the decomposition kinetics by the original quality of mulched crop residues. However, the denitrification activity was decoupled both from the composition of the denitrifying community and from the soil organic matter quality.

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The immobilization of nitrogen by straw decomposing in soil

Cited by 95 publications

References 28 publications

How Important is the Quality of Organic Amendments in Relation to Mineral N Availability in Soils?

How Important is the Quality of Organic Amendments in Relation to Mineral N Availability in Soils?

Does Solid-state 15N NMR Spectroscopy Detect all Soil Organic Nitrogen?

Soil Organic Matter Quality, Structure and Activity of the Denitrifiers Community as Influenced by Decaying Mulched Crop Residues

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