The immune response of hepatocellular carcinoma after locoregional and systemic therapies: The available combination option for immunotherapy

Duan, Yuxin; Zhang, Hua; Tan, Tao; Ye, Wentao; Yin, Kunli; Yu, Yanxi; Kang, Meiqing; Yang, Jian; Liao, Rui

doi:10.5582/bst.2023.01275

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a highly diverse immune environment, influencing the response to various embolization methods and subsequently impacting the efficacy of immunotherapy [29]. Despite the continued prominence of locoregional treatments (LRTs) in HCC therapies, about half of patients eventually resort to lifelong systemic treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Lee,

Shin

2023

Medicina

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Backgound and Objectives: The treatments of choice for patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are surgical resection, local ablation therapy, and liver transplantation; however, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is commonly performed due to variations among patients and liver diseases. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of TACE in patients with early-stage HCC. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of all TACE procedures performed at Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong over a 15-year period (July 2006 to November 2021). The study included a total of 97 eligible patients with early-stage HCC ≤ 5 cm initially treated with TACE. The mean participant age was 63.47 ± 11.02 years; 69 were men (71.1%). The number of Child–Pugh class A patients was the highest (74 patients [76.3%]), followed by Child–Pugh class B (19 patients [19.6%]) and Child–Pugh class C (4 patients [4.12%]). Results: A complete response was achieved in 84 (86.6%) patients after the first TACE procedure, with 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates of 91.8%, 87.3%, and 75.4%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the patients with a low initial alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ≤ 20 ng/mL (p = 0.02) and a complete response after the first TACE (p = 0.03) were associated with favorable overall survival. Conclusions: TACE can be used to treat patients with early-stage HCC who are unsuitable for ablation or surgery. If patients are well selected, TACE may be an alternative treatment for patients with low AFP levels who respond well to the initial TACE procedure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Lee,

Shin

2023

Medicina

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“…8 Notably, immunotherapy has significantly improved the treatment of liver cancer. [9][10][11] Cellular immunotherapy, involving natural killer cells (NKs), 12,13 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T cells), 14,15 and γδ T cells, is emerging as a star in the field of immunotherapy, with its efficacy confirmed by various of mechanistic studies and clinical research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Regulatory Networks and Therapy of γδ T Cells in Liver Cancer: Recent Trends and Advancements

Yin,

Chu,

et al. 2024

J Clin Transl Hepatol

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The roles of γδ T cells in liver cancer, especially in the potential function of immunotherapy due to their direct cytotoxic effects on tumor cells and secretion of important cytokines and chemokines, have aroused research interest. This review briefly describes the basic characteristics of γδ T cells, focusing on their diverse effects on liver cancer. In particular, different subtypes of γδ T cells have diverse or even opposite effects on liver cancer. We provide a detailed description of the immune regulatory network of γδ T cells in liver cancer from two aspects: immune components and nonimmune components. The interactions between various components in this immune regulatory network are dynamic and pluralistic, ultimately determining the biological effects of γδ T cells in liver cancer. We also integrate the current knowledge of γδ T-cell immunotherapy for liver cancer treatment, emphasizing the potential of these cells in liver cancer immunotherapy.

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Immune cell dynamics and the impact on the efficiency of transvascular antitumor interventional therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

Sun,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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ObjectiveThis study investigates the impact of transvascular antitumor interventional therapies on immune cell dynamics and its correlation with disease control and progression-free survival (PFS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.MethodsA single-center observational case-control study was conducted with 119 HCC patients. Transvascular antitumor interventional therapy were administered based on patient-specific evaluations. Peripheral blood samples were collected before and within 28 days after the first treatment to analyze lymphocyte subsets and other immune cells.ResultsHigher counts of total white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocytes, monocytes, and basophils were significantly associated with disease control rate. Subgroup analysis revealed that abnormal BMI, diabetes, infection, and multiple lesions were significantly associated with T cell abnormalities. Age, abnormal BMI, hypertension, and abnormal AFP were linked to total T cell abnormalities. NK cells, B cells, Th cells, Tc/Ts cells, and CD4/CD8 ratios did not show significant differences in PFS probabilities.ConclusionHigher counts of WBCs, lymphocytes, monocytes, and basophils, play a crucial role in the effectiveness of HCC interventional therapy.

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The immune response of hepatocellular carcinoma after locoregional and systemic therapies: The available combination option for immunotherapy

Cited by 3 publications

References 96 publications

Efficacy of Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Efficacy of Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Immune Regulatory Networks and Therapy of γδ T Cells in Liver Cancer: Recent Trends and Advancements

Immune cell dynamics and the impact on the efficiency of transvascular antitumor interventional therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

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