The Immunoglobulin G Heavy Chain (IGHG) genes of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus

Mancia, Annalaura; Gefroh, Holly A.; Chapman, R. W.; Middleton, Darlene L.; Warr, Gregory W.; Lundqvist, Monalill

doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2006.01.014

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…So far nothing is known about the genomic organization of dolphin immunoglobulins (IG) and T cell receptor (TR) loci. The only studies of antigen receptors immunity revealed that IgG are present in whales [ 6 , 7 ] and IGHG and IGHA genes have been described in the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin [ 8 ]. Within artiodactyls, the locus organization and expression of TRG and TRA/TRD genes have been characterized in ruminants; these species have been shown to possess a large TRG [ 9 – 11 ] and TRA/TRD [ 12 – 14 ] germline repertoire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and expression analyses of Tursiops truncatus T cell receptor gamma (TRG) and alpha/delta (TRA/TRD) loci reveal a similar basic public γδ repertoire in dolphin and human

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is a mammal that belongs to the Cetartiodactyla and have lived in marine ecosystems for nearly 60 millions years. Despite its popularity, our knowledge about its adaptive immunity and evolution is very limited. Furthermore, nothing is known about the genomics and evolution of dolphin antigen receptor immunity.ResultsHere we report a evolutionary and expression study of Tursiops truncatus T cell receptor gamma (TRG) and alpha/delta (TRA/TRD) genes. We have identified in silico the TRG and TRA/TRD genes and analyzed the relevant mature transcripts in blood and in skin from four subjects.The dolphin TRG locus is the smallest and simplest of all mammalian loci as yet studied. It shows a genomic organization comprising two variable (V1 and V2), three joining (J1, J2 and J3) and a single constant (C), genes. Despite the fragmented nature of the genome assemblies, we deduced the TRA/TRD locus organization, with the recent TRDV1 subgroup genes duplications, as it is expected in artiodactyls.Expression analysis from blood of a subject allowed us to assign unambiguously eight TRAV genes to those annotated in the genomic sequence and to twelve new genes, belonging to five different subgroups. All transcripts were productive and no relevant biases towards TRAV-J rearrangements are observed.Blood and skin from four unrelated subjects expression data provide evidence for an unusual ratio of productive/unproductive transcripts which arise from the TRG V-J gene rearrangement and for a “public” gamma delta TR repertoire. The productive cDNA sequences, shared both in the same and in different individuals, include biases of the TRGV1 and TRGJ2 genes.The high frequency of TRGV1-J2/TRDV1- D1-J4 productive rearrangements in dolphins may represent an interesting oligo-clonal population comparable to that found in human with the TRGV9- JP/TRDV2-D-J T cells and in primates.ConclusionsAlthough the features of the TRG and TRA/TRD loci organization reflect those of the so far examined artiodactyls, genomic results highlight in dolphin an unusually simple TRG locus. The cDNA analysis reveal productive TRA/TRD transcripts and unusual ratios of productive/unproductive TRG transcripts. Comparing multiple different individuals, evidence is found for a “public” gamma delta TCR repertoire thus suggesting that in dolphins as in human the gamma delta TCR repertoire is accompanied by selection for public gamma chain.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2841-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic and expression analyses of Tursiops truncatus T cell receptor gamma (TRG) and alpha/delta (TRA/TRD) loci reveal a similar basic public γδ repertoire in dolphin and human

et al. 2016

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“…No IGHG gene was detected in the bowhead whale and little brown bat (Fig. 1), which may due to the bad genomic assembly of both species considering that IgG subclasses have been identified in other whales (Mancia et al, 2006) and partial sequence encoding of IgG in little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) was recovered by PCR (Butler et al, 2011). We also failed to retrieve IGHD genes from the genomes of sperm whale, hedgehog, European shrew, little brown bat, black flying fox and elephant despite considerable efforts (Fig.…”

Section: Genomic Organization Of Ighc Genes In Marine Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the lineage leading to hippo + whale representing the early stage of aquatic adaptation) or rapid radiation lineages such as extant dolphins (Shen et al, 2012;Zhang et al, 2016). However, the evolution of Ig in the aquatic adaptation of marine mammals remains poorly explored, except for a few reports about the cloning and sequencing of IGHC genes in bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) (Mancia et al, 2006(Mancia et al, , 2007Lundqvist et al, 2002) and the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) (Breaux et al, 2017) and the identification of IgM, IgG and IgA and lineage-specific IGHG gene duplication in some cetaceans (Mancia et al, 2006), and so on. Therefore, in the present study, we first retrieved IGHC genes from the genomes of ten representative marine mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic organization and adaptive evolution of IGHC genes in marine mammals

Rong

et al. 2018

Molecular Immunology

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Immunoglobulins are important elements of the adaptive immune system that bind to an immense variety of microbial antigens to neutralize infectivity and specify effector functions. In the present study, the immunoglobulin heavy chain constant region (IGHC) genes from marine mammals were identified and compared with those of their terrestrial relatives to explore their genomic organization and evolutionary characteristics. The genomic organization of marine mammal IGHC genes was shown to be conservative with other eutherian mammals. Stronger signals of positive selection on IGHC were revealed in terrestrial mammals than that in marine mammals with the branch-site model, displaying different selective pressure, which might suggest their divergent adaptations to contrasted environments.

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“…Methods used for the preparation of total RNA from peripheral blood leukocytes and of genomic DNA from spleen samples of dolphins have been reported previously (Mancia et al, 2006). Blood samples were collected from dolphins maintained by the US Navy Marine Mammal Program, San Diego, CA, in accordance with a protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee under the guidelines of the Association for the Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care.…”

Section: Sample Collection Rna and Dna Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the immunoglobulin A heavy chain gene of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

Mancia

Gefroh

Chapman

et al. 2007

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology

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The Immunoglobulin G Heavy Chain (IGHG) genes of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Genomic and expression analyses of Tursiops truncatus T cell receptor gamma (TRG) and alpha/delta (TRA/TRD) loci reveal a similar basic public γδ repertoire in dolphin and human

Genomic and expression analyses of Tursiops truncatus T cell receptor gamma (TRG) and alpha/delta (TRA/TRD) loci reveal a similar basic public γδ repertoire in dolphin and human

Genomic organization and adaptive evolution of IGHC genes in marine mammals

Characterization of the immunoglobulin A heavy chain gene of the Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

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