The Immunomodulatory Properties of Propyl‐Propane Thiosulfonate Contribute to its Intestinal Anti‐Inflammatory Effect in Experimental Colitis

Abstract

Scope Propyl‐propane thiosulfonate (PTSO) is a component isolated from garlic (Allium sativum) with antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial properties. In consequence, PTSO can be a potential candidate for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Methods and results The anti‐inflammatory effects of PTSO are studied in two mice models of colitis: 2,4‐dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS) (PTSO doses: 0.01–10 mg kg–1) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) (PTSO doses: 0.01–0.1 mg kg–1). The immunomodulatory effects of PTSO (0.1–25 µm) are also shown in vitro in Caco‐2 and THP‐1 cells, reducing the production of pro‐inflammatory mediators and downregulating mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. This compound displays beneficial effects in both models of mouse colitis by reducing the expression of different pro‐inflammatory mediators and improving the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. Moreover, PTSO ameliorates the altered gut microbiota composition observed in DSS colitic mice. Conclusion PTSO exerts intestinal anti‐inflammatory activity in experimental colitis in mice. This anti‐inflammatory activity can be associated with the immunomodulatory properties of PTSO through the regulation of the activity of cells involved in the inflammatory response. Furthermore, PTSO is able to restore the intestinal epithelial barrier function and to ameliorate the intestinal microbiota homeostasis, thus supporting its future development in human IBD.

Garlic Essential Oil as Promising Option for the Treatment of Acute Campylobacteriosis—Results from a Preclinical Placebo-Controlled Intervention Study

“…To date, improved clinical and microscopic outcomes upon treatment with different garlic compounds have been shown in various acute intestinal inflammation models. For instance, garlic oil application could ameliorate acute colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in rats [47], which also held true for water-soluble garlic polysaccharide in acute murine DSS colitis [48], and for prophyl-propane thiosulfonate isolated from garlic in both, DSS-and 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced acute colitis in mice [49].…”

Effect of Allium Extract Supplementation on Egg Quality, Productivity, and Intestinal Microbiota of Laying Hens

“…Several studies in broilers tested dosages of 45 and 90 mg kg −1 of PTSO, with its antibacterial activity being demonstrated [ 22 , 23 ]. In addition, anti-inflammatory effects of PTSO have also been demonstrated in vivo at doses among 0.01 and 10 mg kg −1 [ 33 ]. Based on this information, and in order to maintain level values of crude protein, methionine and lysine, an intermediate dose was selected for finding a compromise between dose and healthy effects.…”

Mucosal Epithelial Jak Kinases in Health and Diseases

“…This balance is achieved through among others the various signaling pathways that play essential roles in regulating aforementioned epithelial functions during normal development and maintaining epithelial homeostasis in gastrointestinal tract. This is because deregulation of some of these signaling pathways is associated with intestinal diseases such as IBD, IBS, and intestinal neoplasia [ 13 ]. Among various biomolecules, protein kinases play a key role in regulating these signaling pathways thereby regulating several intestinal functions including the development and regeneration of the intestinal epithelium [ 14 ].…”