The immunopathology of B lymphocytes during stroke-induced injury and repair

Malone, Mary K; Ujas, Thomas A.; Britsch, Daimen R. S.; Cotter, Katherine M.; Poinsatte, Katie; Stowe, Ann M.

doi:10.1007/s00281-022-00971-3

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…These findings indicate that BCs are closely related to the pathogenesis of MMD. Prior research has also pointed towards the involvement of BCs during central nervous system pathology, including after ischemic and haemorrhagic strokes, further supporting their significance in MMD 50 . Additionally, a previous study using CIBERSORT reported increased levels of naive BCs in MMD patients, which aligns with our results 51 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Circulating immune cell landscape and T‐cell abnormalities in patients with moyamoya disease

Ge,

Tao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Clinical & Translational Med

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BackgroundMoyamoya disease (MMD) stands as a prominent cause of stroke among children and adolescents in East Asian populations. Although a growing body of evidence suggests that dysregulated inflammation and autoimmune responses might contribute to the development of MMD, a comprehensive and detailed understanding of the alterations in circulating immune cells associated with MMD remains elusive.MethodsIn this study, we employed a combination of single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq), mass cytometry and RNA‐sequencing techniques to compare immune cell profiles in peripheral blood samples obtained from patients with MMD and age‐matched healthy controls.ResultsOur investigation unveiled immune dysfunction in MMD patients, primarily characterized by perturbations in T‐cell (TC) subpopulations, including a reduction in effector TCs and an increase in regulatory TCs (Tregs). Additionally, we observed diminished natural killer cells and dendritic cells alongside heightened B cells and monocytes in MMD patients. Notably, within the MMD group, there was an augmented proportion of fragile Tregs, whereas the stable Treg fraction decreased. MMD was also linked to heightened immune activation, as evidenced by elevated expression levels of HLA‐DR and p‐STAT3.ConclusionsOur findings offer a comprehensive view of the circulating immune cell landscape in MMD patients. Immune dysregulation in patients with MMD was characterized by alterations in T‐cell populations, including a decrease in effector T‐cells and an increase in regulatory T‐cells (Tregs), suggest a potential role for disrupted circulating immunity in the aetiology of MMD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Circulating immune cell landscape and T‐cell abnormalities in patients with moyamoya disease

Ge,

Tao,

Wang

et al. 2024

Clinical & Translational Med

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“…B cells play a multifaceted role in the immune response to stroke, displaying both detrimental and restorative effects. After ischemic stroke, the compromised blood-brain barrier may permit B cells and other peripheral immune cells to enter ischemic brain tissue [25,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…B cells play a multifaceted role in the immune response to stroke, displaying both detrimental and restorative effects. After ischemic stroke, the compromised blood–brain barrier may permit B cells and other peripheral immune cells to enter ischemic brain tissue [25, 26]. These cells are crucial in modulating the progression of ischemic brain injury and influencing the secondary inflammatory response post‐stroke [15, 27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic insights into the relationship between immune cell characteristics and ischemic stroke: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Deng,

Hou,

Wang

et al. 2024

Euro J of Neurology

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Background and purposeIschemic stroke, a major contributor to global disability and mortality, is underpinned by intricate pathophysiological mechanisms, notably neuroinflammation and immune cell dynamics. Prior research has identified a nuanced and often paradoxical link between immune cell phenotypes and ischemic stroke susceptibility. The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential causal links between the median fluorescence intensity (MFI) and morphological parameters (MP) of 731 immune cell types and ischemic stroke risk.MethodsBy analyzing extensive genetic datasets, we conducted comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to discern the genetic correlations between diverse immune cell attributes (MFI and MP) and ischemic stroke risk.ResultsOur study identified key immune cell signatures linked to ischemic stroke risk. Both B cells and T cells, among other immune cell types, have a bidirectional influence on stroke risk. Notably, the regulatory T‐cell phenotype demonstrates significant neuroprotective properties, with all odds ratio (OR) values and confidence intervals (CIs) being less than 1. Furthermore, CD39 phenotype immune cells, particularly CD39+ CD8+ T cells (inverse variance weighting [IVW] OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.87–0.97; p = 0.002) and CD39+ activated CD4 regulatory T cells (IVW OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90–0.97; p < 0.001), show notable neuroprotection against ischemic stroke.ConclusionThis investigation provides new genetic insights into the interplay between various immune cells and ischemic stroke, underscoring the complex role of immune processes in stroke pathogenesis. These findings lay a foundation for future research, which may confirm and expand upon these links, potentially leading to innovative immune‐targeted therapies for stroke prevention and management.

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“…In ammatory response, coagulation abnormalities and poor nutritional status are pathophysiological mechanisms of AIS and also predictors of poor AIS prognosis [9][10][11] . Lymphocytes have a key regulatory function in post-AIS in ammation and have been shown to be predictors of exacerbating ischemic brain injury and deteriorating neurological function [12] . Platelet hyperactivity increases the risk of thromboembolism and atherosclerotic lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical application of HALP score to predict early neurological deterioration in elderly acute cerebral infarction patients

Xie

Liang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Early neurological deterioration (END) may be associated with poor prognosis in elderly AIS patients. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between a composite biomarker HALP score and END, to identify patients at risk for poor neurological function. METHODS: This study retrospectively examined elderly patients with AIS admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2016 to December 2021. NIHSS were collected within 7 days of admission. END was defined as a 2 point increase in NIHSS within 7 days.. the formula for HALP score was lymphocytes (/L) ×hemoglobin (g/L) ×albumin (g/L) / platelets (/L). Multivariate logistic regression was used to construct a prediction model for HALP score, ROC curves and calibration graphs were computed. Results: A total of 431 elderly AIS patients were included, with END accounting for 34.34%. Univariate analysis showed that age, baseline NIHSS score, white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, hemoglobin, triglycerides, HALP score, CRP, Hcy, Lp-PLA2, infectious events and death events differed between the two groups (P < 0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that HALP score (OR 0.965, 95% CI 0.943 to 0.988, P=0.003) and baseline NIHSS score (OR 1.169, 95% CI 1.119 to 1.220, P<0.001) were good at predicting END. The area under the ROC curve for HALP score <27.69 and NIHSS score >5.5 was 0.727 (95CI: 0.676-0.778); 0.868 (95CI: 0.834-0.903), respectively, and the combined AUC was 0.883 (95%CI: 0.850-0.916). Additionally, HALP score was significantly negatively correlated with baseline NIHSS (r=-0.411, P<0.001) and admission day 7 NIHSS (r=-0.348, P<0.001), respectively. More often the lower HALP score, the higher END percentage and the worse 90-day functional outcomes. Conclusion: A low HALP score at admission is associated with the occurrence of END within one week in elderly AIS patients, which may help clinicians to identify high-risk END patients early.

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The immunopathology of B lymphocytes during stroke-induced injury and repair

Cited by 18 publications

References 100 publications

Circulating immune cell landscape and T‐cell abnormalities in patients with moyamoya disease

Circulating immune cell landscape and T‐cell abnormalities in patients with moyamoya disease

Genetic insights into the relationship between immune cell characteristics and ischemic stroke: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Clinical application of HALP score to predict early neurological deterioration in elderly acute cerebral infarction patients

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