The immunoregulatory effects of edeine analogues in mice

Abstract

Abstract:The edeines analogs were tested in several in vitro and in vivo assays using the mouse model, with edeine B (peptide W1) and cyclosporine A as reference compounds. The peptides displayed moderate, stimulatory effects on concanavalin A-induced (ConA-induced) splenocyte proliferation, whereas their effects on pokeweed mitogen-induced (PWM-induced) splenocyte proliferation were inhibitory. The peptides inhibited lipopolysacharide-induced (LPSinduced) tumor necrosis factor alpha production but had little effect on interleukin 6 production. In the model of the humoral immune response in vitro to sheep red blood cells, peptide 1 was distinctly stimulatory in the investigated concentrations (1-100 μg/ml), whereas peptides 3 and 4 only stimulated the number of antibody-forming cells at the highest concentration (100 μg/ml). In the model of the delayed type hypersensitivity in vivo to ovalbumin, the peptides were moderately suppressive (3 being the most active). The reference peptide W1 stimulated ConA-induced cell proliferation at 1-10 μg/ml but was inhibitory at 100 μg/ml. It also inhibited PWM-induced cell proliferation in a dosedependent manner. This peptide had no effect on the humoral immune response in vitro or on cytokine production, but inhibited DTH reaction in vivo. The relationship between structure and activity, and a possible mode of action of the peptides, is discussed in this paper.

The effect of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on virulence factors expressed byStaphylococcus aureusbiofilms

“…The supernatant was discarded. The pellet was loosened by flicking the ends of the tube, and 1 ml of sterile red blood cells (RBC) lysis buffer was added to it (RBC lysis buffer: 0·83% ammonium chloride in 0·01 mol l −1 Tris–HCl buffer, pH 7·2, filter sterilized; Czajgucki et al. 2007) and then incubated at room temperature for 5 min.…”

Polyamine-containing natural products: structure, bioactivity, and biosynthesis

“…However, only the edeines with the α-configuration exhibit biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, and immunosuppressive activities. 196,198,199 α-edeine inhibited the initiation of translation by binding to 30S subunits and the P-site of 70S ribosomes to block the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA. 200,201 It is worth noting that the B .…”

“…However, only the edeines with the a-conguration exhibit biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, and immunosuppressive activities. 196,198,199 a-edeine inhibited the initiation of translation by binding to 30S subunits and the P-site of 70S ribosomes to block the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA. 200,201 It is worth noting that the B. brevis X23 strain isolated from our lab, which produces 225 and 226, can be used as a biocontrol agent to inhibit bacterial wilt in Solanaceae crops such as tobacco and chilli.…”

Enhancement of edeine production in Brevibacillus brevis X23 via in situ promoter engineering

“…In addition, edeines have been widely used as transcriptional inhibitors to study ribosomal function and protein synthesis (Polikanov et al ., 2018 ). However, use of edeines as drugs in human and animals is limited due to their toxicity in animal models (Czajgucki et al ., 2007 ). The continuous emergence of multi‐drug resistant pathogens is a great challenge to public health, which highlights the re‐investigation of obsolete antibiotics such as edeines for new medical applications (Kierońska et al ., 1976 ; Szaflarski et al ., 2008 ).…”