The immunosuppressive capacity of human mesenchymal stromal cells derived from amnion and bone marrow

Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from amnion (AM-MSCs) can be easily obtained in large quantity by less invasive method in comparison to bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). However, the biological and immunosuppressive properties of AM-MSCs are still poorly characterized. Previous studies demonstrated that BM-MSCs expressed indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) to suppress T-cell responses. This study was designed to address whether IDO contributes to the immunosuppressive function of AM-MSCs. MSCs isolated from amnion were cultured in complete medium similar to BM-MSCs. After culture, AM-MSCs exhibited spindle shape morphology and expressed MSC markers similar to that of BM-MSCs. In addition, AM-MSCs were able to differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. Fascinatingly, AM-MSCs and BM-MSCs exhibited comparable degree of immunosuppressive effect when they were co-cultured with activated T-cells. In addition, IDO secreted by AM-MSCs was responsible for induction of immunosuppressive activities in the same manner as BM-MSCs. Taken together; the results of the present study demonstrate that while AM-MSCs and BM-MSCs show similar immunosuppressive effect, AM-MSCs may have additional advantage over the BM-MSCs in terms of availability. Therefore, AM-MSCs might be considered a potential source for therapeutic applications especially for treatment of immune related diseases.

Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Endogenous Bone Regeneration

“…The hAMSCs, as a kind of stem cells, can be induced to osteogenic differentiation to form refracted crystal-like nodules which could be indicated by alkaline phosphatase staining or/and alizarin red S staining ( 71 – 73 ). The expression of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN), was significantly enhanced in osteo-induced hAMSCs ( 74 – 76 ); also, their osteogenic differentiation capacity is superior to other MSCs derived from chorionic membrane and decidua ( 77 , 78 ). However, the comparison of the osteogenic capacity of hAMSCs and BMSCs revealed that BMSCs are more likely to differentiate into osteoblasts in vitro and seem to be appropriate for bone regeneration ( 79 ).…”

Biomechanical Stability and Osteogenesis in a Tibial Bone Defect Treated by Autologous Ovine Cord Blood Cells—A Pilot Study

“…Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) have an especially strong potential for clinical application since they stimulate bone healing in large segmental defects, compared with synthetic void fillers alone [5,6,7,8,9,10]. Moreover, it is evident that undifferentiated progenitor cells may have less immunogenic potency than fully differentiated cells [11,12,13,14,15].…”

Caracterização e função imunomoduladora de células-tronco de membrana amniótica canina

“…Estabelecemos assim, como controle positivo, as células da medula óssea canina por apresentarem maior expressão imunofenotípica de CTM e também devido à similaridade imunológica das células de membrana amniótica e medula óssea humana citadas por Meesuk et al (2016).…”

“…).As CTM derivadas dos anexos fetais representam uma promessa terapêutica, através da inibição eficiente da expansão e ativação de diferentes componentes celulares da imunidade inata e adaptativa, através da redução do processo inflamatório e reparação de tecidos no tratamento de doenças autoimunes (MARTI; , imunomoduladores e reparadores, observados através da identificação de fatores solúveis como HGF, IGF-1, bFGF e VEGF e PGE2. Essas células são capazes de suprimir a proliferação de linfócitos T e B, as propriedades inflamatórias de monócitos, macrófagos, células dendríticas, neutrófilos e células NK, e promover a indução de células com funções reguladoras tais como células T reguladoras e macrófagos M2 anti-inflamatórios(MAGATTI et al, 2009;YAMAHARA et al, 2014;MAGATTI et al, 2018) e de secretar a enzima IDO nas mesmas concentrações que a medula óssea humana(MEESUK et al, 2016). Estudos in vitro, demonstram que as células epiteliais de membrana amniótica suprimem a proliferação de células T, diminuem a produção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias e inibem a ativação de células T estimuladas.…”