The immunosuppressive mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells are differentially regulated by platelet poor plasma and fetal bovine serum supplemented media

Silva-Carvalho, Amandda Évelin; Neves, Francisco Assis Rocha; Saldanha-Araújo, Felipe

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106172

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…MSCs themselves are not immunogenic and are known to modulate the immune system through paracrine factors ( 42 ). These immunomodulatory functions of MSCs are well-established, but it is unclear the role FBS plays in promoting or detracting from MSCs' immunomodulatory function ( 43 ). In antimicrobial research, it was observed that lower concentrations of FBS increased equine BM-MSCs' antimicrobial function ( 44 ).…”

Section: Fbs In Msc Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Fetal Bovine Serum in the Culture of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Potential Alternatives for Veterinary Medicine

et al. 2022

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Fetal bovine serum (FBS) remains widely used as a supplement in cell culture media used in the isolation and expansion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) despite longstanding practical, clinical, and ethical concerns over its use. As a result, research on alternative culture media supplement solutions that conserve crucial MSC characteristics has become increasingly relevant. Species-specific supplements and serum-free media such as platelet lysate or chemically defined media have been assessed for their effect in MSC cultures regarding proliferation, differentiation, and immunomodulatory capacity. While none of the alternatives offer a complete solution in replacing traditional FBS supplemented media for culturing MSCs for all species, short-term or transitional use of FBS-free media can perform equally well and could address some of the concerns over the use of FBS.

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Section: Fbs In Msc Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Fetal Bovine Serum in the Culture of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Potential Alternatives for Veterinary Medicine

et al. 2022

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“…In this sense, scientific papers have already described the application of stem cells to generate new data regarding several aspects of SARS-CoV-2 ( 3 ), similar to what has been done with other viral diseases in the past ( 4 ). In addition to the possible application of stem cells in basic research, such cells are also appealing tools for immunomodulation, as shown by our group and others ( 5 – 12 ), as well as tissue regeneration, with a great deal of accumulated knowledge regarding the underlying mechanisms of action and decades of clinical experience, as shown by our group and others ( 13 – 18 ). It is well-established that Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to control the functions of most if not all immune cells, and that such effects occur through a network of mechanisms including direct cell-cell contact, and secretion of soluble factors with immunosuppressive function ( 19 , 20 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Piece in the Puzzle of COVID-19 Treatment

et al. 2020

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COVID-19 is a disease characterized by a strong inflammatory response in severe cases, which fails to respond to corticosteroid therapy. In the context of the current COVID-19 outbreak and the critical information gaps regarding the disease, several different therapeutic strategies are under investigation, including the use of stem cells. In the present manuscript, we provide an analysis of the rationale underlying the application of stem cells to manage COVID-19, and also a comprehensive compendium of the 69 clinical trials underway worldwide aiming to investigate the application of stem cells to treat COVID-19. Even though data are still scarce, it is already possible to observe the protagonism of China in testing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for COVID-19. Furthermore, it is possible to determine that current efforts focus on the use of multiple infusions of high numbers of stem cells and derived products, as well as to acknowledge the positive results obtained by independent groups who publicized the therapeutic benefits provided by such therapies in 51 COVID-19 patients. In such a rapid-paced field, up-to-date systematic studies and meta-analysis will aid the scientific community to separate hype from hope and offer an unbiased position to the society and governments.

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“…For example, the low surface expression level of HLA-I in MSCs, responsible for the immune evasion, can be modified by adding interferon (IFN)-γ to the media [ 73 ]. Furthermore, MSCs exhibited a decreased expression of immunosuppressive factors and reduced capacity of inducing regulatory T cells when they were cultured in media supplemented with platelet-poor plasma, as compared to MSCs grown in media with fetal bovine serum [ 74 ]. In addition, some studies have demonstrated that passaging and cryopreservation reduce the ability of MSCs to inhibit T-cell proliferation, thus modulating the immune response [ 75 , 76 , 77 ].…”

Section: Changes Induced In Mscs During In Vitro Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, MSCs are able to escape immune system recognition and exert immunosuppressive effects through cell-to-cell interactions or paracrine actions [ 83 , 84 , 85 ], which makes MSCs ideal candidates for immune-related diseases. Even so, this immunomodulatory property can be altered by specific culture conditions, such as cryopreservation, media composition, cell passage or the use of biomaterials [ 72 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 86 ]. A recent study demonstrated that human Ad-MSCs exhibit an increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines after extended culture expansion, while they decrease the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines [ 86 ].…”

Section: Consequences Of the In Vitro Msc Modifications For Their Use...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of In Vitro Expanded Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Strategies to Improve Their Therapeutic Actions

et al. 2022

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Beneficial properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have prompted their use in preclinical and clinical research. Accumulating evidence has been provided for the therapeutic effects of MSCs in several pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases, myocardial infarction, skin problems, liver disorders and cancer, among others. Although MSCs are found in multiple tissues, the number of MSCs is low, making in vitro expansion a required step before MSC application. However, culture-expanded MSCs exhibit notable differences in terms of cell morphology, physiology and function, which decisively contribute to MSC heterogeneity. The changes induced in MSCs during in vitro expansion may account for the variability in the results obtained in different MSC-based therapy studies, including those using MSCs as living drug delivery systems. This review dissects the different changes that occur in culture-expanded MSCs and how these modifications alter their therapeutic properties after transplantation. Furthermore, we discuss the current strategies developed to improve the beneficial effects of MSCs for successful clinical implementation, as well as potential therapeutic alternatives.

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The immunosuppressive mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells are differentially regulated by platelet poor plasma and fetal bovine serum supplemented media

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

A Review of Fetal Bovine Serum in the Culture of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Potential Alternatives for Veterinary Medicine

A Review of Fetal Bovine Serum in the Culture of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Potential Alternatives for Veterinary Medicine

Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Piece in the Puzzle of COVID-19 Treatment

Heterogeneity of In Vitro Expanded Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Strategies to Improve Their Therapeutic Actions

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