The impact of activation temperature and time on the characteristics and performance of agricultural waste-based activated carbons for removing dye and residual COD from wastewater

Vakili, A.; Zinatizadeh, Ali Akbar; Rahimi, Zahra; Zinadini, Sirus; Mohammadi, Pourya; Azizi, Seyed Naser; Karami, Abdollah; Abdulgader, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134899

Cited by 29 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…It can be seen from Figure a,b that the shape and pore structure of BC are roughly the same, retaining the original skeleton structure of biomass, showing wrinkled and layered tube bundles, with a large number of pore structures, well-developed pore structure, and the surface smoothness decreases with the increase of the pyrolysis temperature. This is due to the gradual decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in the raw materials of Chinese medicine residue caused by pyrolysis temperature, and the carbon skeleton left after carbonization of lignin, while pyrolysis leads to the analysis of volatile groups, resulting in the complex pore structure of BC . Compared with the bulk structure of pyrolytic carbon BC, the ball-milled BMC becomes irregular granular particles, which are caused by the friction and collision between the material and the ball-ink medium .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Characteristics of Ball Milling-Modified Chinese Medicine Residue Biochar Toward Quercetin

Li,

Xie,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Using traditional Chinese medicine residues as raw materials, different biochars (BC) were prepared through oxygen-limited pyrolysis at 300 °C, 500 °C, and 700 °C, and BC was ball-milled to produce ball-milled biochar (BMC). Using these adsorbents to adsorb the allelopathic autotoxic substance quercetin. The physical and chemical properties of various biochars derived from traditional Chinese medicine residues were characterized using the Brunauer−Emmett−Teller-N2 surface areas (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy (Raman). The study investigated the effects of the initial pH value, different humic acid concentrations, and multiple adsorption− desorption experiments on the removal of quercetin from the solution. The article discusses the adsorption mechanism of quercetin in solution by biochar from a traditional Chinese medicine residue, based on the results of adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm fitting. The findings indicate that increasing the pyrolysis temperature reduces the oxygen-containing functional groups of BC, enhances the aromaticity, and stabilizes the carbon structure. The pore structure of BMC becomes more complex after ball milling, which increases the number of oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface. Among the samples tested, BMC700 exhibits the best adsorption performance, with an adsorption capacity of 293.3 mg•g −1 at 318 K. The adsorption process of quercetin by BMC700 follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model. The process is primarily a form of multimolecular layer adsorption. Its mechanism involves the pore-filling effect, hydrogen-bonding interaction, electrostatic interaction, and π−π coexistence, as well as the yoke effect. Additionally, they are highly recyclable and show promise in addressing continuous cropping issues.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Characteristics of Ball Milling-Modified Chinese Medicine Residue Biochar Toward Quercetin

Li,

Xie,

Chen

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…Adsorption processes, using materials like activated carbon, offer reliable and affordable wastewater treatment. [5,6] These materials need specific attributes, making activated carbons a favored choice for adsorption due to their high sorption capacity, swift kinetics, lack of toxic by-products, and economical production. [7,8] Activated carbon (biochar) can be produced through either physical or chemical activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is vital to emphasize ensuring clean drinking water and environmental well‐being. Adsorption processes, using materials like activated carbon, offer reliable and affordable wastewater treatment [5,6] . These materials need specific attributes, making activated carbons a favored choice for adsorption due to their high sorption capacity, swift kinetics, lack of toxic by‐products, and economical production [7,8]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl Red Adsorption on Biochar Obtained by Physical Activation of Caraway Seeds with Carbon Dioxide

Paluch,

Bazan‐Wozniak,

Pietrzak

2024

ChemPhysChem

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In this study carbon adsorbents were produced from caraway (Carum carvi L.) seeds, through direct and physical activation by carbon dioxide. The resulting biochar adsorbents were analyzed using low‐temperature nitrogen adsorption‐desorption isotherms and Boehm titration. Furthermore, the acid‐base properties of the biochar samples obtained were examined, and the pH of their aqueous extracts was determined. The obtained adsorbents had a specific surface area ranging between 10 to 70 m2/g. Resulting carbon materials exhibited a predominance of basic groups on their surfaces. The sorption capacities of methyl red for the samples varied from 3 to 20 mg/g. Conducted adsorption studies determined, that the adsorption kinetics of the dye on biochar materials followed a pseudo‐second order model and the adsorption process was best described by the Freundlich isotherm, indicating the development of a multi‐layer adsorbate on their surfaces. The effectiveness of adsorption in aqueous solutions of methyl red increased with the rise in process temperature. Moreover, the adsorption process was found to be spontaneous and endothermic based on thermodynamic investigations.

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“…[15] Recently, the preparation of carbon-based activated carbon for agricultural by-products has elicited research great interest due to its potential for value-added processing and utilization. [16,17] It could not only increase economic benefits but also reduce environmental pollution. [18] At the moment, porous materials made from biomass and other materials were getting more attention, for instance, porous carbon materials made from potassium citrate, [19] nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon generated from silkworm cocoon waste as reliable electrode materials for effective capacitive desalination, [20] by utilizing the sodium polyacrylate in applied diaper waste, pyrolysis can be exploited to create porous material, [21] porous carbon obtained from cattail grass as a high-capacity anode material, [22] the wetimpregnation and calcination approach was employed to manufacture the heterogeneous magnetic catalyst for the synthesis of biodiesel using waste diapers as the raw material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditionally, activated carbon productions from typical precursors are coal, peat and lignite [15] . Recently, the preparation of carbon‐based activated carbon for agricultural by‐products has elicited research great interest due to its potential for value‐added processing and utilization [16,17] . It could not only increase economic benefits but also reduce environmental pollution [18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation Mechanism of a Hierarchically Porous Carbon Based on Soybean Hull Residues and Its Adsorption Performance

Ma,

Zhang,

Huang

et al. 2023

ChemistrySelect

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Soybean residue has caused pollution to the environment due to high output. Herein, in order to reutilization soybean residue, a novel soybean hulls residue based hierarchically porous carbon was prepared by one‐step carbonization‐activation, and its structure and micromorphology were characterized by SEM, FT‐IR, Raman, TEM, BET and XPS. Based on results of characterization, which illustrated typical hierarchically pore structure with pore sizes are 1000 nm, 300 nm and 1.4 nm. The specific surface area and total pore volume were corresponded to 1455.41 m2/g and 0.731 cm3/g, respectively. And the pore‐forming mechanism was discussed in raw materials is a pyrolysis process. Furthermore, it was found that adsorption capacity of dye could got to 625 mg/g in 30 min when the adsorbent was 0.05 g. In summary, the soybean hulls residue based hierarchically pore material with large surface area and rich in pore structure, which will exhibit excellent performance towards wastewater treatment.

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The impact of activation temperature and time on the characteristics and performance of agricultural waste-based activated carbons for removing dye and residual COD from wastewater

Cited by 29 publications

References 88 publications

Adsorption Characteristics of Ball Milling-Modified Chinese Medicine Residue Biochar Toward Quercetin

Adsorption Characteristics of Ball Milling-Modified Chinese Medicine Residue Biochar Toward Quercetin

Methyl Red Adsorption on Biochar Obtained by Physical Activation of Caraway Seeds with Carbon Dioxide

Formation Mechanism of a Hierarchically Porous Carbon Based on Soybean Hull Residues and Its Adsorption Performance

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