The impact of acute SARS‐CoV‐2 on testicular function including insulin‐like factor 3 (INSL3) in men with mild COVID‐19: A longitudinal study

Lauritsen, Mette Petri; Kristensen, Thomas Kielsgaard; Hansen, Claus Thorp; Schneider, Uffe Vest; Talbot, Anna L; Skytte, Anne‐Bine; Petersen, Jørgen Holm; Johannsen, Trine Holm; Zedeler, Anne; Albrethsen, Jakob; Juul, Anders; Priskorn, Lærke; Jørgensen, Niels; Westh, Henrik; Freiesleben, Nina la Cour; Nielsen, Henriette Svarre

doi:10.1111/andr.13494

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…It has also been shown that 4−6 months after recovery, there was a significant reduction in abnormal semen quality 65–67 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[62][63][64] It has also been shown that 4−6 months after recovery, there was a significant reduction in abnormal semen quality. [65][66][67] In this study, we compared semen samples collected from 1 up to 30 months after COVID-19 recovery with those obtained from men without present or past clinical and/or molecular diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We only observed a statistically significant decrease in sperm vitality and total motility as a result of decreased progressive motility, in parallel to increased levels of lipid peroxidation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of COVID‐19 on sperm quality and the prostaglandin and polyamine systems in the seminal fluid

Matzkin,

Beguerie,

De Zuñiga

et al. 2023

Andrology

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BackgroundThe implications of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on male fertility remain largely unknown. Besides their well‐known pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory actions, prostaglandins and polyamines are present in semen, where they play key roles in sperm quality.ObjectivesTo analyze semen parameters, oxidative profile and the seminal fluid prostaglandin and polyamine systems in samples collected from individuals without coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis and men who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019.Materials and methodsThis study compared semen collected from men without positive coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis with samples obtained from individuals 1–6 months and 7–30 months post SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Semen parameters, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, cyclooxygenase 2 expression by fluorescence immunocytochemistry and immunoblotting, prostaglandin levels by enzyme immunoassay, ornithine decarboxylase activity by a radioactive assay, and polyamine and acetylated polyamine levels by thin‐layer chromatography were assessed.ResultsIn both groups of semen samples from coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men, sperm vitality, total and progressive sperm motility, and putrescine levels were significantly decreased when compared with samples from the uninfected group. In contrast, lipid peroxidation, leukocyte‐associated cyclooxygenase 2 expression, and prostaglandin D2 levels were higher in semen from coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men than in samples from uninfected individuals. While sperm concentration and morphology, ornithine decarboxylase activity, and N‐acetylputrescine levels were statistically diminished in semen obtained up to 6 months after coronavirus disease 2019 recovery, these parameters remained unchanged when samples were collected 7–30 months after coronavirus disease 2019 recovery. Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination did not show negative effects on any of the parameters evaluated.Discussion and conclusionOur work provides insights into the detrimental impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on several sperm parameters, in some cases, even more than a year after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, which would be accompanied by alterations in the seminal fluid prostaglandin and polyamine profiles. Therefore, future treatments targeting the prostaglandin and polyamine pathways in coronavirus disease 2019 recovered men could lead to a successful reinstatement of semen parameters.

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“…It has also been shown that 4−6 months after recovery, there was a significant reduction in abnormal semen quality 65–67 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID‐19 on sperm quality and the prostaglandin and polyamine systems in the seminal fluid

Matzkin,

Beguerie,

De Zuñiga

et al. 2023

Andrology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Reversible effects of the SARS-CoV-2 on semen parameters

Jodar,

Barral,

Leiva

et al. 2024

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

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Mild coronavirus disease 2019: Results of a multicentric prospective study on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 presence in semen fractions and cells and its effects on semen parameters

Bujan,

Mendeluk,

Mahé

et al. 2024

Andrology

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BackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, the virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019, affects multiple organs. The virus enters cells through angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐2 and host factors present in genital organs, leading to concern over virus shedding in semen and reproductive function.ObjectivesTo investigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in semen from patients with a mild infection, identify the seminal infected cells, and explore the effect of the infection on sex hormones and semen parameters.Materials and methodsProspective study of 54 men with mild severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Semen was collected at 7, 15, 30, 60, 90, 180, and 365 days after symptom onset, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA was measured in serum, saliva, urine, and semen. The presence of infectious severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in semen was assessed using Vero cell culture. Infected semen cells were identified using immunofluorescence against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 nucleoprotein antigen and cell markers. Semen characteristics as well as testosterone, inhibin B, luteinizing hormone, and follicle‐stimulating hormone levels were determined.Results11% of patients had at least one severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA‐positive semen. One patient had viral semen shedding up to day 90 after infection onset, with replication‐competent virus isolated from semen and 40% cell fraction at day 7. After sperm preparation, 90% fraction was severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA‐positive at days 7 and 15. The swim‐up fraction was positive only on day 7. In semen, nucleoprotein antigen was detected mainly in exfoliated epithelial cells and less frequently in Sertoli cells. Sperm count and motile sperm count were lower at day 30 than at day 7. Round cells in semen were increased during the acute phase. At days 7 and 15, sperm count and motile sperm count were lower in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA‐positive semen compared with negative semen, while semen volume and follicle‐stimulating hormone levels were increased. Long‐term follow‐up shows no evidence of a detrimental effect on hormonal or semen characteristics.Discussion and conclusion11% of patients with mild coronavirus disease 2019 who were not hospitalized had severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 excretions in semen, which persisted for up to 90 days in one patient. No germ cells appeared infected by the virus, but the detection of nucleoprotein antigen‐positive epithelial semen cells and Sertoli cells suggests genital tract infection. Albeit infrequent, semen may contain the replication‐competent virus during the acute phase with potential risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmissions during sexual contact and assisted reproduction procedures. The effect of mild coronavirus disease 2019 on spermatogenesis and reproductive hormones was moderate and reversible.

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The impact of acute SARS‐CoV‐2 on testicular function including insulin‐like factor 3 (INSL3) in men with mild COVID‐19: A longitudinal study

Cited by 4 publications

References 60 publications

Impact of COVID‐19 on sperm quality and the prostaglandin and polyamine systems in the seminal fluid

Impact of COVID‐19 on sperm quality and the prostaglandin and polyamine systems in the seminal fluid

Reversible effects of the SARS-CoV-2 on semen parameters

Mild coronavirus disease 2019: Results of a multicentric prospective study on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 presence in semen fractions and cells and its effects on semen parameters

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