The impact of adverse childhood experiences on obesity and unhealthy weight control behaviors among adolescents

Isohookana, Reetta; Marttunen, Mauri; Hakko, Helinä; Riipinen, Pirkko; Riala, Kaisa

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.08.002

Cited by 86 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…There is evidence showing that ACEs are more likely to happen either in early childhood or after the onset of puberty , so the recall period in ALSPAC may have had some influence on the prevalence. Gender differences in the prevalence of ACEs observed in Brazil have also been found in other studies in which females had a higher occurrence of adversities .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Adiposity in Adolescents: A Cross‐Cohort Comparison

Soares

Matijasevich

Menezes

et al. 2017

Obesity

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adiposity in adolescents from two cohorts in different socioeconomic contexts.MethodsData from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC, United Kingdom) and the 1993 Pelotas Cohort (Brazil) were used. Six ACEs were assessed in both cohorts up to age 15. At 15 years, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were measured, and at 18 years, BMI, fat mass index, and android fat percentage were assessed.ResultsFew associations were observed between ACEs and adiposity at 15 years, and they were not consistent across cohorts. For adiposity at age 15 in ALSPAC, physical abuse had a positive association with WC, and domestic violence had a positive association with both WC and BMI. A dose‐response relationship between the ACE score and both WC and BMI at 15 years was observed in ALSPAC. In the 1993 Pelotas Cohort, the associations found in crude analysis were no longer evident after adjustment.ConclusionsThis study found some evidence of an association between an ACE score and adiposity in adolescence in a United Kingdom cohort but no evidence of association in a Brazilian cohort. Residual confounding or context‐specific relationships could explain the different pattern of associations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Adiposity in Adolescents: A Cross‐Cohort Comparison

Soares

Matijasevich

Menezes

et al. 2017

Obesity

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“…Isohookana et al also showed that out of 449 Finnish adolescents, those who had experienced an adverse event like sexual abuse, were at risk of developing extreme weight loss behaviors. They also showed that participants who lived with unemployed parents had an increased risk of being underweight [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Glycemic Control and Lipids in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Iqbal¹,

Kumar²,

Hansen³

et al. 2020

Children

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) have been associated with a greater prevalence of risky behaviors and chronic health conditions, such as diabetes in adulthood. While adolescents with risk taking behaviors experience worsening of diabetic metabolic control, it is yet to be determined whether glycemic management in children and adolescents is negatively and independently influenced by ACEs. This study examines the relationship between ACEs in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and glycemic control, BMI and lipids. For such children, we hypothesized that hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is positively correlated with ACE scores. Parents of children (age 2–18 years) with T1DM completed a validated ACE questionnaire. The associations between parent and child ACE score and HbA1c, lipids and BMI z-scores were assessed using linear regression. The prevalence of any ACE was 27.9% among children and 49.0% among parents. HbA1c was significantly higher in children who had exposure to three or more ACEs (β:0.63 (4.5 mmol/mol); p = 0.02), in those who had a parent exposed to four or more ACEs (β:0.87 (7.2 mmol/mol); p = 0.03), in children who had exposure to household incarceration (β:0.62 (4.4 mmol/mol); p = 0.05) and children who witnessed or had been victim of violence in the neighborhood (β:0.71 (5.4 mmol/mol); p = 0.02). ACEs were highly prevalent among children with T1DM and had a positive association with glycemic control.

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“…However, obesity was not associated with the total number of ACEs that girls reported. There was no association between BMI and the total number of ACEs or any individual ACE among boys [28]. Another study found that adult women who reported experiencing physical neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse, or sexual abuse in childhood gained more weight over 3 years than women without such a history [29].…”

Section: Trauma and Post-traumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In one study examining the association between obesity and ACEs among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, only two kinds of ACEs-sexual abuse and parental unemployment-were associated with obesity in girls [28]. However, obesity was not associated with the total number of ACEs that girls reported.…”

Section: Trauma and Post-traumatic Stress Disordermentioning

confidence: 97%

Sex Differences in Obesity and Mental Health

Tronieri

Wurst

Pearl

et al. 2017

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Research on sex differences in the relationship between obesity and psychiatric disorders is more abundant in some areas, such as depression and eating disorders, than others, such as anxiety, trauma, and substance use. However, for most of the disorders, their relationships with obesity and sex are complex and are usually moderated by additional variables. Thus, studies that find stronger relationships for women between depression and obesity cross-sectionally do not tell the whole story, as longitudinal studies suggest that this relationship may also be present among men, particularly when confounders are considered. For those with eating disorders, men and women with obesity are fairly equally affected, and weight and shape concerns may play a role in maintaining these behaviors for both sexes. Weight stigma, though, seems to have worse consequences for women than men with obesity. Sex differences exist in relation to the associations between mental health and obesity. However, these differences vary by disorder, with disorder-specific moderators playing a role, such as age for depressive disorders, comorbid depression for anxiety disorders, and weight and shape concerns for eating disorders. More work is needed to understand if sex differences play a role in the relationship between obesity and anxiety, trauma, and substance use disorders.

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The impact of adverse childhood experiences on obesity and unhealthy weight control behaviors among adolescents

Abstract: This study showed that female adolescents with a history of traumatic experiences or difficult family circumstances exhibited an elevated likelihood of being obese and engaging in unhealthy weight control behaviors.

Cited by 86 publications

References 36 publications

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Adiposity in Adolescents: A Cross‐Cohort Comparison

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Adiposity in Adolescents: A Cross‐Cohort Comparison

Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Glycemic Control and Lipids in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Sex Differences in Obesity and Mental Health

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