The impact of aerosol–radiation interactions on the effectiveness of emission control measures

Zhou, Mi; Zhang, Lin; Chen, D.; Gu, Yu; Fu, Tzung‐May; Gao, Meng; Zhao, Yuanhong; Lu, Xiao; Zhao, Bin

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aaf27d

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported that anthropogenic emission was the internal cause of haze events in China Sun et al, 2014;Gu and Liao, 2016;Yang et al, 2016b). Emission control measures have been taken to ensure good air quality for major events (e.g., APEC) or to mitigate the severity of coming pollution episodes (Zhou et al, 2018). Other studies, such as Sun et al 2017and Wang et al (2017b), pointed out that outside transport contributed more than 50% of the particulate concentrations in BTH during haze events.…”

Section: Contributions Of Local Emission and Regional Transport To Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the formation and evolution mechanisms of severe haze pollution in Beijing−Tianjin−Hebei region by using process analysis

Chen¹,

Zhu²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Fine&#8211;particle pollution associated with haze threatens human health, especially in the North China Plain, where extremely high PM2.5 concentrations were frequently observed during winter. In this study, the WRF&#8211;Chem model coupled with an improved integrated process analysis scheme was used to investigate the formation and evolution mechanisms of a haze event happened over Beijing&#8211;Tianjin&#8211;Hebei (BTH) in December 2015, including examining the contributions of local emission and outside transport to the absolute PM2.5 concentration in BTH, and the contributions of each detailed physical or chemical process to the variations in the PM2.5 concentration. The influence mechanisms of aerosol radiative forcing (including aerosol direct and indirect effects) were also examined by using the process analysis. During the aerosol accumulation stage (December 20&#8211;22, Stage_1), the average near&#8211;surface PM2.5 concentration in BTH was 250.0&#8201;&#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3, which was contributed by local emission of 42.3&#8201;% and outside transport of 36.6&#8201;%. During the aerosol dispersion stage (December 23&#8211;27, Stage_2), the average concentration of PM2.5 was 107.9&#8201;&#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3. The contribution of local emission increased to 50.9&#8201;%, while the contribution of outside transport decreased to 24.3&#8201;%. The 24&#8211;h change (23:00LST minus 00:00LST) in the near&#8211;surface PM2.5 concentration was +50.4&#8201;&#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3 during Stage_1 and &#8722;41.5&#8201;&#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3 during Stage_2. Contributions of aerosol chemistry process and vertical mixing process to the 24&#8211;h change were +43.8 (+17.9) &#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3 and &#8722;161.6 (&#8722;221.6) &#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3 for Stage_1 (Stage_2), respectively. Small differences in contributions from other processes were found between Stage_1 and Stage_2, such as advection process, cloud chemistry process, and so on. Therefore, the PM2.5 increase over BTH during haze formation stage (Stage_1) was mainly attributed to strong production by aerosol chemistry process and weak removal by vertical mixing process. When aerosol radiative feedback was considered, the 24&#8211;h PM2.5 increase was enhanced by 9.6 &#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3 during Stage_1, which could be mainly attributed to the contributions of vertical mixing process (+39.8&#8201;&#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3), advection process (&#8722;38.6&#8201;&#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3) and aerosol chemistry process (+5.1&#8201;&#181;g&#8201;m&#8722;3). The restrained vertical mixing could be the primary reason for the enhancement in near&#8211;surface PM2.5 increase when aerosol radiative forcing was considered.

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Section: Contributions Of Local Emission and Regional Transport To Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the formation and evolution mechanisms of severe haze pollution in Beijing−Tianjin−Hebei region by using process analysis

Chen¹,

Zhu²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Our model also considers aerosol direct radiative effects and first and second aerosol indirect effects on grid‐scale clouds following our previous study (B. Zhao et al, ). The inclusion of aerosol radiative feedback affects both meteorology and chemistry simulations during the fire period, which is discussed through a sensitivity analysis in Supporting Information S1 (J. Wang et al, ; Zhou et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inclusion of aerosol radiative feedback affects both meteorology and chemistry simulations during the fire period, which is discussed through a sensitivity analysis in Supporting Information S1 (J. Wang et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2019).…”

Section: Wrf-chem Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Study of the Air Quality Impact of Record‐Breaking Southern California Wildfires in December 2017

Shi¹,

Jiang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2019

JGR Atmospheres

Self Cite

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We investigate the air quality impact of record‐breaking wildfires in Southern California during 5–18 December 2017 using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry in combination with satellite and surface observations. This wildfire event was driven by dry and strong offshore Santa Ana winds, which played a critical role in fire formation and air pollutant transport. By utilizing fire emissions derived from the high‐resolution (375 × 375 m2) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite active fire detections, the simulated magnitude and temporal evolution of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations agree reasonably well with surface observations (normalized mean bias = 4.0%). Meanwhile, the model could generally capture the spatial pattern of aerosol optical depth from satellite observations. Sensitivity tests reveal that using a high spatial resolution for fire emissions and a reasonable treatment of plume rise (a fair split between emissions injected at surface and those lifted to upper levels) is important for achieving decent PM2.5 simulation results. Biases in PM2.5 simulation are relatively large (about 50%) during the period with the strongest Santa Ana wind, due to a possible underestimation of burning area and uncertainty in wind field variation. The 2017 December fire event increases the 14‐day averaged PM2.5 concentrations by up to 231.2 μg/m3 over the downwind regions, which substantially exceeds the U.S. air quality standards, potentially leading to adverse health impacts. The human exposure to fire‐induced PM2.5 accounts for 14–42% of the annual total PM2.5 exposure in areas impacted by the fire plumes.

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“…116. 28 39.39). The monitored air pollutant data for this research were collected from the website of China National Environmental Monitoring Centre (CNEMC).…”

Section: Model Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Gao et al [27] simulated that aerosols lead to a negative radiative forcing of −20 to −140 W m −2 at the surface, temperature decreases by 0.8-2.8 • C, and RH increases by approximately 4-12% at the surface in Beijing and Tianjin. Zhou et al [28] found that the ARI can affect the attribution of PM 2.5 variability to emission changes and meteorological conditions in Beijing. However, there are no studies that have investigated the ARI effects of different PM components during heavy pollution periods over the most polluted region (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH)) in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Aerosol-Radiation Interaction Effects of Different Particulate Matter Components during Heavy Pollution Periods in China

Wang

Ma²,

Guo

et al. 2020

Atmosphere

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The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region experienced heavy air pollution in December 2015, which provided a good opportunity to explore the aerosol-radiation interaction (ARI) effects of different particulate matter (PM) components (sulfate, nitrate, and black carbon (BC)). In this study, five tests were conducted by the Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model. The tests included scenario 1 simulation with ARI turned on, scenario 2 simulation with ARI turned off, scenario3 simulation without NO x /NO 3 − emissions and with ARI turned on, scenario 4 simulation without SO 2 /SO 4 2− emissions and with ARI turned on, and scenario 5 simulation without BC emissions and with ARI turned on. The ARI decreased the downward shortwave radiation (SWDOWN) and the temperature at 2 m (T2), reduced the planetary boundary layer (PBL) height (PBLH), and increased the relative humidity (RH) at 2 m in the region. These factors also contribute to pollution accumulation. The results revealed that BC aerosols have a stronger effect on the reduction in SWDOWN than sulfate (SO 4 2− ) and nitrate (NO 3 − ). BC aerosols produce both cooling and heating effects, while SO 4 2− aerosols produce only cooling effects. The PBL decreased and RH2 increased due to the aerosol feedback effect of sulfate, nitrate, and BC. The ARI effect on meteorological factors during the nonheavy pollution period was much smaller than that during the pollution period.

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The impact of aerosol–radiation interactions on the effectiveness of emission control measures

Cited by 36 publications

References 34 publications

Assessing the formation and evolution mechanisms of severe haze pollution in Beijing−Tianjin−Hebei region by using process analysis

Assessing the formation and evolution mechanisms of severe haze pollution in Beijing−Tianjin−Hebei region by using process analysis

Modeling Study of the Air Quality Impact of Record‐Breaking Southern California Wildfires in December 2017

The Aerosol-Radiation Interaction Effects of Different Particulate Matter Components during Heavy Pollution Periods in China

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