2022
DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.818700
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The Impact of Aging on the Lung Alveolar Environment, Predetermining Susceptibility to Respiratory Infections

Abstract: Respiratory infections are one of the top causes of death in the elderly population, displaying susceptibility factors with increasing age that are potentially amenable to interventions. We posit that with increasing age there are predictable tissue-specific changes that prevent the immune system from working effectively in the lung. This mini-review highlights recent evidence for altered local tissue environment factors as we age focusing on increased tissue oxidative stress with associated immune cell change… Show more

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Cited by 8 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…Aging by itself is a very significant risk factor for developing TB. The continuous accumulation of basal inflammation and an oxidative state as we age (inflammaging) exacerbates the homeostatic balance of stress responses, impairing the intrinsic mechanisms that aid cell regeneration, repair, and immunosurveillance [ 11 , 21 , 27 ]. These outcomes consequently increase susceptibility to acute and chronic diseases and result in increased morbidity and mortality in the elderly [ 11 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Aging by itself is a very significant risk factor for developing TB. The continuous accumulation of basal inflammation and an oxidative state as we age (inflammaging) exacerbates the homeostatic balance of stress responses, impairing the intrinsic mechanisms that aid cell regeneration, repair, and immunosurveillance [ 11 , 21 , 27 ]. These outcomes consequently increase susceptibility to acute and chronic diseases and result in increased morbidity and mortality in the elderly [ 11 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Importantly, lung tissue from elderly individuals has significantly decreased tissue-repair capacity compared to young individuals [ 26 ]. Therefore, age-associated changes in the alveolar space, such as decreased alveolar septae and elasticity and changes in the extracellular matrix, impair the ability of the lung environment to respond to chemical, mechanical, and biological stressors appropriately [ 11 , 27 ]. Moreover, aging leads to detrimental alterations in cellular function and cell-to-cell interactions of pulmonary resident cells and peripheral immune cells, leading to an imbalance and decline of appropriate innate and adaptive immune responses, associated with immuno-senescence [ 21 , 28 , 29 ].…”
Section: Lung Function Changes In the Elderlymentioning
confidence: 99%
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