The Impact of Air Pollution on Lung Function: A Case Study on the Rickshaw Pullers in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Nayeem, Abdullah Al; Majumder, Ahmad Kamruzzaman; Hossain, Md. Sahadat; Carter, William S.

doi:10.29252/jhehp.6.2.1

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Regarding the health impacts, air pollution can enter the thorax and cause or exacerbate chronic bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, emphysema, lung cancer, stroke, heart disease, and both chronic and acute respiratory diseases, including lower respiratory tract diseases (Salem 2015 ; Salem 2017 ; WHO 2018 ; Salem 2019b ; Al Nayeem et al 2020 ; Encecopedia.Com 2020 ). Ambient (outdoor air pollution) in cities and rural areas is estimated to cause 4.2 million premature deaths, worldwide, in 2016 (WHO 2018 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Stone and Marble Industry in Palestine: environmental, geological, health, socioeconomic, cultural, and legal perspectives, in view of sustainable development

Salem¹

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The Stone (limestone) and Marble (trade name) Industry (SMI) is one of the most important and active industries in Palestine, as being economically and financially rewarding and greatly beneficial to the public and private sectors. This industry, which employs about 15,000–20,000 workers, contributes 20–25% to the total industrial revenues of Palestine, and 4.5% to the total gross national product. Despite its benefits, SMI has adverse effects on public health, the environment, biodiversity, water systems (both surface and underground), green cover, and ecosystems in general, as it is considered one of the most air- water-, soil-, and noise-polluting sources. To achieve the purpose of this research paper, available data and literature are analyzed, evaluated, and used, in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the status of SMI, in light of sustainable development. This relates to various perspectives, including limestone geology, geopolitics, socioeconomics, culture, technology, legislation, as well as climate change, acid rain, and harmful effects of the SMI scale on public health and safety, environmental well-being, and challenges facing the industry. Two field studies, carried out in northern and southern West Bank, dealing with particulate matter (PM 1 , PM 2.5 , PM 7 , PM 10 , and TSP) and environmental pollution, were analyzed, and their results were compared with each other, as well as with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) guidelines. It is found that both West Bank’s areas are heavily polluted, resulting in considerable adverse impacts on public health, the environment, and green cover. Based on the findings of this paper, it is recommended that SMI should properly adhere to WHO guidelines and international standards to make the industry safer and more durable and sustainable, with fewer negative impacts on public health, the environment, and green cover.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Stone and Marble Industry in Palestine: environmental, geological, health, socioeconomic, cultural, and legal perspectives, in view of sustainable development

Salem¹

2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Coarse particle emissions are majorly influenced by local sources for instance fine particles are released from chemical process [5]. Fine Particles (PM₂.₅) denotes the particles with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm and Coarse particles (PM₁₀) denotes ≤10 μm [6]. They come from many different places, like power plants, factories, transportation, brick kilns, burning biomass, wind-blown dust, and sea spray.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, this has led to a rise in levels of pollution in the air due to the increased emission of pollutants [11]. Fossil fuel and biomass combustion also produce fine particles identified as PM₂.₅ [6]. The emission of particulate matter is contingent upon the engine's design, namely whether the engine is underpowered and inadequately maintained, as well as the presence of fuel loss due to excessive fueling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monsoon Season Spatial Distribution of Particulates Concentration in the Road Intersection Area of Different Land Use in Major City in South Asian Countries

Majumder,

Akbar,

Rahman

et al. 2024

JHER

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Air pollution has become one of the most significant issues in the metropolitan area of Dhaka in recent years. There are various sources of air pollution in Dhaka city, among them, unfit vehicles and industries are notable with under construction work done by Dhaka city Corporation. With regard to various land uses in the Dhaka metropolitan region, this study intends for monitoring the Particulate Matters (PM2•5 and PM10) concentrations and its relationship to the various types of land use in the region. This investigation was carried out in 82 different places throughout the Dhaka metropolitan area by using instrument named Aeroqual S-500. Study found that the average concentrations of PM2•5 and PM10 in these locations were 31.10 and 72.03 g/m3, respectively. The average concentration of PM2•5 and PM10 across all land uses was found to be 1.4148 and 1.7082 times higher than the WHO standard threshold, respectively. It is estimated that the average PM2.5/PM10 was 46.32%. It also revealed that the concentrations of the parameters do not change significantly with land use as the p values are greater than 0.05. Average concentration of PM2•5 & PM10 follows as mixed area > residential area > commercial area > silent area > industrial area.

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“…It suffers from very high concentrations of air pollutants as a result of both local and regional sources. − Decades of policy work have stabilized the atmospheric loadings despite growing economic activity . Nevertheless, air pollution has been found to lead to reduced lung function for groups ranging from rickshaw pullers to school children, , along with other health effects. , By the use of tracers of biomass burning and fossil-fuel burning, it was found that in Dhaka biomass burning was responsible for peak <2.5 μm diameter particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) concentration events but that fossil-fuel burning was responsible for the greatest occurrence of adverse health effects . Furthermore, heavy traffic and industrial activities were found to be associated with increased levels of heavy metals in dust samples, leading to exacerbated health risks …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6−9 Decades of policy work have stabilized the atmospheric loadings despite growing economic activity. 10 Nevertheless, air pollution has been found to lead to reduced lung function for groups ranging from rickshaw pullers to school children, 11,12 along with other health effects. 13,14 By the use of tracers of biomass burning and fossil-fuel burning, it was found that in Dhaka biomass burning was responsible for peak <2.5 μm diameter particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) concentration events but that fossil-fuel burning was responsible for the greatest occurrence of adverse health effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Air Pollution Due to Stagnation, Local Emissions, and Long-Range Transport Using a Generalized Additive Model to Analyze Hourly Monitoring Data

Foy

Saroar

Salam

et al. 2021

ACS Earth Space Chem.

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Long-term surface monitoring of hourly <2.5 μm diameter particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations in megacities provides an essential record to estimate adverse health effects experienced by many people. In addition, hidden from immediate view, the time series of measurements contains a wealth of information on the types of sources and the impact of meteorology. A generalized additive model (GAM) was developed to analyze multiple years of hourly data in order to distinguish the sources leading to adverse air quality and the response of the concentrations to boundary layer mixing, wind transport, and precipitation. The model estimates the impact of long-range transport by using clusters of back-trajectories and a trajectory cluster contribution function. Estimates of emissions from wildfires and agricultural biomass burning based on multisatellite remote sensing were combined with back-trajectories to estimate the impacts at the measurement sites. The method was applied to Dhaka, Bangladesh, and Kolkata, India, for the dry season from November to March for up to 7 years of data. Weak winds and low mixing heights lead to very low ventilation coefficients, which contribute to extreme air pollution events. The contribution of local emissions was inferred from the variability in the measured concentrations that could be attributed to the boundary layer height, the local winds, and the diurnal cycle. By this method, local emissions were estimated to contribute between 57% and 67% of the aerosol concentrations. Long-range air mass transport from the Indo-Gangetic plain was associated with concentrations that were 40% higher than when the winds blew from the east. Wildfires and agricultural biomass burning were estimated to increase PM2.5 by 7–8% over the long-term baseline. Overall, regional factors were estimated to contribute between 31% and 37% of the variability. Weekdays and holidays were found to have very limited impacts on the PM2.5 concentrations. Model residuals in Dhaka highlight the need to measure more accurately the low wind speeds and shallow mixing heights in order to improve the characterization of emission sources. By integrating back-trajectories and fire emission estimates into the GAM simulations, this study provides estimates of local versus regional pollution and quantifies the impact of meteorology on air quality in the region. Furthermore, the approach can be readily adapted to many locations with limited air quality management infrastructure.

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The Impact of Air Pollution on Lung Function: A Case Study on the Rickshaw Pullers in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluation of the Stone and Marble Industry in Palestine: environmental, geological, health, socioeconomic, cultural, and legal perspectives, in view of sustainable development

Evaluation of the Stone and Marble Industry in Palestine: environmental, geological, health, socioeconomic, cultural, and legal perspectives, in view of sustainable development

Monsoon Season Spatial Distribution of Particulates Concentration in the Road Intersection Area of Different Land Use in Major City in South Asian Countries

Distinguishing Air Pollution Due to Stagnation, Local Emissions, and Long-Range Transport Using a Generalized Additive Model to Analyze Hourly Monitoring Data

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