The impact of alum discharges on a natural tropical wetland in uganda

Kaggwa, R.; Mulalelo, Charity I; Denny, Patrick; Okurut, Tom

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00301-8

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Desmid assemblage in the nearby Lake Ponikve consists of 23 species (Gligora et al 2003). Keggwa et al (2001) also noticed some changes in the dominant macrophyte by deposition of alum sludge in Gaba swamp (Uganda) and anticipated that the accumulative effects on the whole ecosystem may become marked over a long period of time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline Comet Assay as a Potential Tool in the Assessment of DNA Integrity in Freshwater Zooplankton Affected by Pollutants from Water Treatment Facility

Ternjej

Stanković²,

Mihaljević

et al. 2009

Water Air Soil Pollut

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In this pilot study, we evaluated the usefulness of the alkaline comet assay as a biomonitoring tool at the level of plankton communities affected by varying water quality. Zooplankton was collected in autumn 2007 and spring 2008 in two shallow lakes, one being predominantly polluted with aluminium compounds as result of water treatment process (Lake Njivice; 45°10′ N, 14°30′ E) and the other unpolluted (Lake Ponikve; 45°05′ N, 14°30′ E) used as control. Water and sediment chemistry parameters were assessed at both lake sampling sites. The results indicated that the main pollutant in both matrices was aluminium, whose concentrations exceeded the value of 0.15 mg/L −1 legally accepted for drinking water by Croatian water quality regulations. Plankton composition of the investigated lakes showed that only a few species are dominant and appear at both sites. Cladocerans are represented by Daphnia magna Straus 1820, and copepods by the calanoid Eudiaptomus padanus etruscus (Losito 1901), the cyclopoid Cyclops sp. and dipterans by larvae of Chaoborus flavicans (Meigen 1830). Other species were determined only occasionally and with low abundance. As observed, the comet assay had adequate sensitivity to detect the differences in levels of DNA damage among the dominant zooplankton taxa. Zooplanktons collected in Lake Njivice show a lower degree of DNA integrity compared with animals from the reference lake (Lake Ponikve). Inter-species variability in DNA damage was observed, indicating different genome susceptibility to the same genotoxic pollutants present in the aquatic environment. Furthermore, in the polluted Lake Njivice, seasonal differences in the levels of DNA damage within particular species of zooplankton were also noted. Calanoida, Daphnia and Chaoborus mainly had higher values of all three comet parameters in autumn 2007 than in spring 2008. Feeding modes strongly influenced the level of DNA damage in zooplankton species studied. We assume that the mechanisms of DNA damage and genotoxicity, as Water Air Soil Pollut (

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline Comet Assay as a Potential Tool in the Assessment of DNA Integrity in Freshwater Zooplankton Affected by Pollutants from Water Treatment Facility

Ternjej

Stanković²,

Mihaljević

et al. 2009

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…However, their use is increasingly most questioned due to: -environmental problems (Christopher et al, 1995;Kaggwa et al, 2001), primarily for the generation of toxic sludge that cannot be used in agriculture; -connection with cancer (Dearfield et al, 1964;McCollister et al, 1964;Mallevialle et al, 1984). Acrylamide, in particular, is classified as CMR substance (Carcinogenic, Mutagenic or Toxic for Reproduction) by health authorities.…”

Section: Use Of Coagulants and Flocculants: Advantages And Drawbacksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

García-Fayos

Arnal

Monforte-Monleón³

et al. 2014

Desalination and Water Treatment

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Arnal Arnal, JM.; Sancho Fernández, MP. (2015). Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract of Moringa oleifera seed. Desalination and Water Treatment. 55(13):3635-3645. doi:10.1080/19443994.2014.939487. Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant-aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract of Moringa oleifera seed Abstract:Drinking water treatment is a process based on multiple stages that has as main objective to provide water safe enough to be consumed by humans. Coagulation-flocculation is used to remove colloidal and suspended solids. This process improves the performance of subsequent stages (as sedimentation or filtration) as well as the water quality with a desired end-use. For many years, inorganic and organic synthetic polyelectrolytes have been used in coagulationflocculation processes. However, its use has been deeply studied recently to determine the potential impact of residual concentration of these substances over human health and the environment. Strict regulations limit the concentration of free residual monomer after the addition of Polyacrylamide (PAM) in drinking water treatment and study the effect of the interaction of the residues with disinfection products. Therefore, in the last years there has been a resurgence of interest to use natural materials with the same performance that synthetic, but with lower hazard for the environment and humans. This work studies the use of the flocculant extracted from Moringa oleifera seed, in combination with Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC). The performance is compared with the combination PAC-PAM in terms of coagulant activity and physical-chemical quality of the water treated. Jar test were carried out using two types of natural water (with presence of bentonites) and different combinations of coagulant and flocculants. Results show that coagulant activity of PAC-Moringa combination is comparable with the results obtained with PAC-PAM, reducing initial turbidity up to 90% in all the tests. With regard to physical-chemical quality of the treated water, PAC-Moringa produces values under the drinking water quality standards for all the parameters analyzed. It is remarkable the decrease of 50% in the trihalomethanes formation potential rate shown for PAC-Moringa combination, observed when treating natural water with presence of bentonites. Therefore, the results obtain in this work encourage the use of Moringa oleifera extract as a natural, low cost, effective and low toxicity alternative to the use of synthetic organic polyelectrolytes as polyacrylamide for drinking water treatment.

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“…Lake Naivasha, Kenya 4652 This study Lake Naivasha, Kenya 6945 Boar (Boar 2006) 3940 Jones and Muthuri (1997) 11540 a Boar et al (1999) 9422 a Thompson et al (1979) Lake Victoria (L.V),Winam Gulf, Kenya 8456 Osumba et al (2010) Kahawa swamp, Kenya 4955 Chale (1987) Mpingi, Uganda 2062 Jones and Muthuri (1985) Gaba (L.V), Uganda 3880 Kaggwa et al (2001) Akika islands (Lake George), Uganda 5000 Thompson et al (1979) Rubondo Island(L.V), Tanzania 5789 Mnaya et al (2007) Damietta, Nile delta, Egypt 8000 Serag (2003) Busoro (river valley), Rwanda 1384 Jones and Muthuri (1985) Aerial biomass (mean) 5006 ± 2226…”

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confidence: 92%

Effects of harvesting Cyperus papyrus in undisturbed wetland, Lake Naivasha, Kenya

2011

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In many parts of the world and especially in Africa, wetland plants are harvested to support livelihoods. As such, removal of biomass may have an impact on the standing biomass which could affect primary productivity, a fundamental biological process supporting trophic levels. In this study, the effects of harvesting on aerial biomass and shoot regeneration of Cyperus papyrus L. was investigated following 6 and 12 monthly harvesting regimes compared with unharvested controls over a period of 3 years in an undisturbed site of Lake Naivasha. Our study revealed that the 6 monthly harvesting regime significantly affected aerial biomass production, culm (stem) density, culm diameter, culm height and clonal young shoot regeneration compared to the 12 monthly regime and the controls. This study recommends a harvesting regime that allows an adequate period for a full cycle of C. papyrus stems from young to senescence stage.

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The impact of alum discharges on a natural tropical wetland in uganda

Cited by 50 publications

References 14 publications

Alkaline Comet Assay as a Potential Tool in the Assessment of DNA Integrity in Freshwater Zooplankton Affected by Pollutants from Water Treatment Facility

Alkaline Comet Assay as a Potential Tool in the Assessment of DNA Integrity in Freshwater Zooplankton Affected by Pollutants from Water Treatment Facility

Alternatives to the use of synthetic organic coagulant aids in drinking water treatment: improvements in the application of the crude extract ofMoringa oleiferaseed

Effects of harvesting Cyperus papyrus in undisturbed wetland, Lake Naivasha, Kenya

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