The impact of antioxidants on biodiesel oxidation stability

Schober, Sigurd; Mittelbach, Martin

doi:10.1002/ejlt.200400954

Cited by 185 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In addition, the IP determined by EN 15,751 was slightly higher than that determined by EN 14,112 that may be caused from slower consumption of PDA by EN 15,751. At the C 0 of 50 ppm, it showed negligible enhancement on the IP for all T. Furthermore, the IP started to remarkably increase with higher C 0 where it appeared to be nonlinear curves, which was also observed in the previous studies [4,18,20,21,23]. Furthermore, the effectiveness of PDA at 500 ppm on the IP was evaluated by the stabilization factor ( Table 3).…”

Section: Temperature Dependence Of Ip and Enhanced With Addition Of Pdasupporting

confidence: 73%

“…All determinations of the IP were performed in duplicate and the mean values were reported to two decimal places. In addition, the effectiveness of the antioxidant on the oxidation stability of the FFA-based biodiesel is expressed by the stabilization factor [4,18,[19][20][21]:…”

Section: Analysis Of Fuel Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the long term storage of biodiesel is related to its oxidation stability, which presently causes high concern of the major technical issues in the use of biodiesel. Oxidative stability is one of the major technical concerns with biodiesel [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Complementary Biodiesel Blend from Soapnut Oil and Free Fatty Acids

et al. 2012

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Blends of biodiesels produced from soapnut oil and high-oleic free fatty acids (FFAs), which are potential non-edible oil feedstocks, were investigated with respect to their fuel properties. The soapnut oil methyl esters (SNME) had satisfactory fuel properties with the exception of its high cold filter plugging point. In contrast, the biodiesel from the FFAs had favorable fuel properties such as a low cold filter plugging point of −6 °C; however, it exhibits poor oxidation stability with an induction period (IP) of 0.2 h. The complementary blend of the SNME and the FFA-based biodiesel at various weight ratios was studied to improve the fuel properties. As a result, the biodiesel blend at a weight ratio of 70:30 can successfully meet all the biodiesel specifications, except the marginal oxidation stability. Furthermore, the effectiveness of N,N'-di-sec-butyl-pphenylenediamine at the concentration between 100 and 500 ppm on the improvement in OPEN ACCESSEnergies 2012, 5 3138 the oxidation stability of the biodiesel blend was examined. The relationship between the IP values associated with the consumption of antioxidants in the biodiesel blends was described by first-order reaction rate kinetics. In addition, the natural logarithm of IP (ln IP) at various concentrations of antioxidant presented a linear relation with the test temperature. The IP at ambient temperature can be predicted based on the extrapolation of the temperature dependence relation.

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Section: Temperature Dependence Of Ip and Enhanced With Addition Of Pdasupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Analysis Of Fuel Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Complementary Biodiesel Blend from Soapnut Oil and Free Fatty Acids

et al. 2012

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“…Schober and Mittelbach detected a noticeable increase in acid values at antioxidant levels beyond 1000 ppm, while other critical parameters such as kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, carbon residue, cold flow properties and sulfated ash were not affected for different biodiesel samples. 22 Therefore, if additive levels of 8000 ppm are proven of any practical use, further investigations will be required to demonstrate whether these high concentration levels are not detrimental for some of the most critical properties of the biofuel.…”

Section: Mittelbach and Schobermentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of BHA, BHT and TBHQ on the oxidation stability of soybean oil ethyl esters (biodiesel)

Domingos¹,

Saad²,

Vechiatto³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

155

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O efeito de antioxidantes sintéticos, como BHT (butil-hidroxitolueno), BHA (butilhidroxianisol) e TBHQ (t-butil-hidroxiquinona), foi avaliado sobre o período de indução de uma amostra de ésteres etílicos de óleo de soja de baixa estabilidade à oxidação, empregando o método Rancimat (EN14112). Efeitos de interação também foram investigados empregando-se um planejamento fatorial, que teve como níveis mínimos e máximos as concentrações de zero e 1500 ppm de cada antioxidante. Dentre os antioxidantes sintéticos avaliados, o BHT apresentou maior eficácia nas concentrações compreendidas entre 200 e 7000 ppm. O TBHQ apresentou maior potencial estabilizador quando utilizado em concentrações mais elevadas, enquanto que o BHA mostrou-se pouco efetivo nesta amostra, sendo que em concentrações superiores a 2000 ppm, não proporcionou qualquer acréscimo do período de indução. O uso combinado destes antioxidantes, nos níveis testados neste estudo, não evidenciou qualquer efeito sinérgico positivo que justifique o seu uso em misturas binárias ou ternárias.The effect of synthetic antioxidants such as BHT (butyl-hydroxytoluene), BHA (butylhydroxyanisol) and TBHQ (t-butyl-hydroxyquinone) was evaluated on the induction time of soybean oil ethyl esters with low oxidation stability, employing the Rancimat method (EN14112). Interaction effects were also investigated by employing a 2 3 factorial design, which had as minimum and maximum levels the concentrations of zero and 1500 ppm of each antioxidant. Among the synthetic antioxidants evaluated, BHT displayed the highest effectiveness in the concentration range from 200 to 7000 ppm. TBHQ displayed a greater stabilizing potential when used at higher concentrations (8000 ppm), while BHA was found to provide no noticeable increase in the induction time at concentrations greater than 2000 ppm. The combined use of these antioxidants, at the levels tested in this study, yielded no evidence of any positive synergic effect that would justify their use in binary or ternary mixtures.

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“…It is more susceptible to oxidative degradation than petroleum diesel as it is contains unsaturated long-chain fatty acids [1,2]. The oxidative stability can be improved by adding suitable antioxidants [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiesel oxidative stability from Rancimat data

2016

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Highlights• Sunflower biodiesel was stabilized with a hindered phenol antioxidant.• Oxidative stability is defined by the length of the Rancimat induction period (IP).• A novel Rancimat response function allows automated IP determination.• IP follows an Arrhenius temperature dependence.• IP increased linearly with antioxidant concentration. AbstractIt is conventional to quantify the oxidative stability of oils and biodiesel through an induction time determined by a Rancimat instrument. European Standard EN 14112 for the Rancimat method describes two procedures for determining this induction period. The automated method relies on finding the position of the peak in the second derivative of the conductivity vs. time curve. The manual method is based on the intersection of two tangents lines. It is shown that this method can also be automated by a curve fitting approach based on a novel Rancimat response function. This analysis demonstrates that the induction period values determined by the two methods differ with the second derivative method returning slightly higher estimates for the induction period.Biodiesel was prepared using base-catalysed methanolysis of sunflower oil. It was stabilized using the hindered phenol antioxidant tetrakis[methylene(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)]methane. It was found that stability increases linearly with stabiliser concentration and that the effect of the measurement temperature follows Arrhenius kinetics. The effectiveness of the antioxidant stabiliser diminished with increasing temperature.

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The impact of antioxidants on biodiesel oxidation stability

Cited by 185 publications

References 12 publications

A Complementary Biodiesel Blend from Soapnut Oil and Free Fatty Acids

A Complementary Biodiesel Blend from Soapnut Oil and Free Fatty Acids

The influence of BHA, BHT and TBHQ on the oxidation stability of soybean oil ethyl esters (biodiesel)

Biodiesel oxidative stability from Rancimat data

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